Every second woman suffers from dysbiosis, a disorder of the vaginal microflora. Often the disease is asymptomatic and eventually develops serious complications. What signs can be used to identify the disease and how to restore the vaginal microflora with medications.
In a healthy woman, the vaginal flora is represented by 99% lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and only 1% by opportunistic microorganisms.
This percentage is considered normal, does not cause harm and does not provoke the development of any disease.
But the vulnerable and sensitive vaginal microflora is threatened by a large number of unfavorable external and internal factors. Under their influence, colonies of opportunistic microorganisms (fungi, gardnerella, streptococci, staphylococci, protea, E. coli, chlamydia) “displace” lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. A malfunction occurs and dysbiosis develops with inflammation of the vagina - vaginitis. At a certain period of life, every woman faces this disease sooner or later.
When does this happen and how does it manifest itself? It all depends on how strong the pathogenic pathogen is and how strong the woman’s immune defense is during this period. The development of dysbiosis can be provoked by:
- Hormonal changes during pregnancy. A healthy woman may experience or increase discharge. They are accompanied by itching and burning, pain during sexual intercourse. Antibacterial and immunocorrective drugs to restore vaginal microflora are not prescribed during this period. Only local treatment is indicated and, if necessary, it can be carried out more than once.
- General and sexually transmitted infectious diseases. Always accompanied by dysbiosis. Pathogenic microorganisms of sexually transmitted infections, together with opportunistic microflora, cause severe inflammation, which can be relieved by special antibacterial drugs.
- Restoring the vaginal microflora after treatment with antibiotics is necessary, because, in addition to pathogenic microorganisms, vaginal lacto- and bifidobacteria die. Treatment of common infectious diseases with antibiotics leads to the same result.
- Gastrointestinal diseases with microflora imbalance. Anatomically, the walls of the rectum and vagina are located nearby. The proximity allows pathogenic microorganisms (Escherichia coli, enterococcus) to easily pass this barrier.
Dysbiosis can also develop from an unbalanced diet with a large amount of carbohydrate foods. Also, one of the common causes of dysbiosis is violation of basic rules of intimate hygiene.
The disease does not show specific symptoms for a long time, and those women whose body could not cope on its own turn to the doctor. First, a woman experiences white or grayish liquid discharge. Afterwards they acquire an intense yellow color with a thick consistency. In the acute period, a woman may complain of discomfort, moderate pain with itching and burning. If treatment is not carried out, the disease becomes chronic, and exacerbation alternates with remission. The death of lactobacilli and excessive growth of opportunistic flora lead to serious consequences - ascending infection of the uterus and appendages, urethritis, cystitis.
- the amount of discharge has become more than usual;
- the discharge has acquired an intense yellow color;
- the vaginal walls have become “dry”, there is a feeling of constant discomfort during sexual intercourse;
- concerns about dryness, itching and burning of the external genitalia;
- The discharge has an unpleasant, specific odor.
To make a diagnosis, the doctor after the examination will prescribe pH-metry, microscopy and bacterial smear culture, and amine testing.
- Elimination of pathogenic bacterial flora (antibacterial treatment).
- Restoration of vaginal flora.
- Support healthy microflora.
Antibacterial drugs, if the disease has developed against the background of infections, are prescribed Sumamed, Trichopolum, Amoxiclav, Doxycycline, Metronidazole, Tibertal, Ornidazole.
The treatment includes tampons, baths, vaginal tablets, suppositories to restore the vaginal microflora. The purpose of local procedures is to suppress pathogenic microflora, normalize local immunity, and enable the restoration of normal numbers of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli.
- Dalacin (in the form of cream and vaginal suppositories) is an antibacterial drug with the main active ingredient clindamycin phosphate.
- Vaginal suppositories Flagyl with the main active ingredient metronidazole.
- Vaginal suppositories Hexicon (based on chlorhexidine).
At the second stage, to restore the flora, the local immunity of the vaginal walls is corrected. Immunal and Cycloferon tablets are prescribed.
To increase the amount of beneficial microflora of the vagina, drugs are prescribed with strains of live acidophilic lactobacilli: Normoflorin L, B, D (liquid concentrate), Acepol (capsules); suppositories Acylact, Lactonorm Kipferon, Bifidumbacterin.
One of the most popular and effective drugs for the treatment of vaginosis is Lactobacterin in tablets and powder for preparing a solution.
Intravaginal treatment lasts 10 days, starting on the 10th day of the cycle. If menstrual flow begins, the drugs are not administered.
Normalization of the vaginal microflora will happen faster if a diet with a sufficient amount of fresh, “live” fermented milk products is included in the treatment.
If, with vaginal dysbiosis, the flora in the form of the Candida fungus predominates, this is thrush, the most common type of disease.
The symptoms of candidiasis are clear: strong curdled discharge, burning with itching, pain when urinating, discomfort during sexual intercourse.
Thrush can develop for many reasons: hormonal imbalances, hypothermia, unbalanced nutrition, specific treatment (immunosuppressants, chemotherapy drugs). But most often it becomes a consequence of treatment with antibiotics.
There are enough tools and techniques in gynecology, but restoring microflora after thrush is a rather difficult task for two reasons. First: vaginal candidiasis often recurs. Second: women who self-medicate, ignorance and the wrong choice of medication only aggravate the situation.
- Normalize the functioning of the immune system.
- Eliminate local manifestations.
- To prevent relapses, use systemic therapy.
Candida fungus is one of the many representatives of normal human microflora. Therefore, the task of treatment is not to kill, but to limit and control its reproduction.
The restorative course of treatment includes local medications (suppositories), systemic medications (tablets, capsules). After severe candidiasis, injectable drugs are indicated.
- Antifungal therapy with drugs based on clotrimazole (Canesten), iconazole (Ginotragen), miconazole (Klion-D).
- Antimicrobial therapy with drugs containing natamycin, nystatin, levorin.
After treatment of thrush, suppositories, vaginal tablets, ointments and topical solutions are indicated to restore the microflora.
In order for treatment with drugs to give a good result and the microflora of the mucous membranes to be restored, it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the influence of a number of factors: give up bad habits, use antibacterial and hormonal drugs wisely and according to medical prescription, eat rationally, and strictly observe hygiene.
Only if all conditions are met, treatment of dysbiosis will give a positive result and prevent relapse.
Restoration of vaginal microflora - in what cases is it necessary and how is it carried out? Let's talk about this topic.
When a girl is born, her vagina is sterile. But within a few days it is populated by various microorganisms - anaerobes, staphylococci, streptococci. And during puberty, lactobacilli are added to them, due to which the vaginal environment becomes acidic. Doctors say that the vaginal microflora is disturbed when the pH of the environment is more than 4.5. The so-called “key cells” are identified in the smear, and the woman herself experiences unpleasant symptoms. Such as itching, copious discharge, the mucous membrane of the labia and the urethral area may turn red.
Why does this happen? By the way, not only in women who are sexually active. And the reasons are multifaceted, including douching, the use of various spermicides and other drugs vaginally, sexually transmitted infections, immune disorders, etc. It’s worth mentioning separately about douching. Many women consider them a panacea for everything, and also an excellent way to maintain personal hygiene. Doctors are in a hurry to convince women: the vagina does not need such cleansing, this will only lead to an imbalance of microorganisms, and as a result, the appearance of pathological symptoms.
How to restore vaginal microflora and where to start? From a visit to the gynecologist, because you have unpleasant symptoms for a reason. This is due to some pathogen or infection. And it is impossible even for a doctor to determine them visually. You'll have to take a smear test. But based on the results, the doctor will prescribe treatment. Moreover, most likely, these will not be drugs to restore the vaginal microflora. If a woman has vaginal candidiasis (thrush), she will be prescribed antifungal (antimycotic) drugs. If the culprit is a pathogenic microorganism, then an antimicrobial. Both this group of drugs and the other are undoubtedly very effective, but with prolonged use they cause an imbalance. A woman may feel burning, dryness, pain during sex, and in such cases she may be prescribed another group of medications - suppositories that restore the vaginal microflora, these include Gynoflor, Atsilakt, Bifidumbacterin, Lactotsid, Lactozhinal. etc. Their cost fluctuates around 300-500 rubles. Those who want to save money on these medications practice restoring the vaginal microflora with folk remedies in the form of kefir or natural yogurt (without various additives). Some doctors of the old school advise women to insert a tampon soaked in kefir shallowly into the vagina at night and wash it with water with the addition of kefir (1 tablespoon per glass). This is especially recommended after treatment with strong antibacterial drugs.
But it cannot be said with certainty that the vaginal microflora needs restoration after antibiotics. Some drugs can disrupt it, but the balance of microorganisms is restored on its own in a fairly short time. In addition to drugs that restore microflora, drugs that stimulate the immune system are prescribed, since women’s health also depends on it.
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Thrush, or vaginal candidiasis, causes a lot of inconvenience, and even after treatment leaves negative consequences - a severe disruption of the microflora. This is often ignored by women and is not accompanied by therapeutic measures. The pathology does not leave the body by itself; it later provokes complications and threatens with infectious inflammation in the mucous membrane.
Vaginal suppositories help to effectively get rid of dysbiosis. From the article you will learn which suppositories are best to use to restore vaginal microflora under different circumstances, as well as how to avoid the recurrence of thrush.
When to use suppositories to normalize microflora?
The treatment strategy for vaginal dysbiosis can be divided into three stages:
- getting rid of pathogenic microorganisms;
- balancing vaginal microflora;
- strengthening and constant maintenance of immunity for the purpose of prevention.
It makes sense to take it for restoration of vaginal microflora only after you have holistically cured of thrush and got rid of pathogenic bacteria.
The normalization process after treatment takes from 3 weeks to a month. The period depends on the degree of impairment and the state of the woman’s immunity. Vaginal suppositories show good restorative results after thrush.
How do vaginal suppositories work?
Violation of the vaginal microflora means a violation of the pH level.
Suppositories for restoring microflora after treatment of thrush are probiotics, with lactobacilli and certain bifidobacteria in the composition.
Lactobacilli produce necessary acids and reduce the pH level to normal (3.5-4.5), at the same time blocking the possibility of thrush reappearing. Bifidobacteria support immunity.
It is impossible to say for sure which candles are universally suitable for everyone. Their effect on the body is individual: drugs that work for one woman may not work for another, regardless of whether the candles are expensive or cheap. The reason for this may be the duration and nature of the infection.
Any infection destroys the upper epithelial tissue. The same process is observed after taking antibiotics. When a probiotic enters the vagina, the walls of which have been damaged by infection, there is nothing for it to attach to. As a result, the remedy turns out to be useless.
Manufacturers of suppositories found a solution: they began to add additional substances to the composition that regenerate epithelial tissue so that the probiotic would gain a foothold and restore the microflora. When choosing a drug, you need to take this nuance into account and carefully study the composition.
Effective suppositories for restoring microflora
Let's look at the best effective vaginal suppositories for dysbiosis, recommendations for their use, as well as contraindications. Below is a list of vaginal suppositories recommended by doctors to combat dysbiosis.
Bifidumbacterin, analogue - Lactobacterin
One of the most effective drugs in gynecology. Suitable for pregnant women. Quite quickly brings the bacterial balance to normal levels. They are prescribed both for treatment and for the prevention of microflora disorders after thrush. It should be used for 5-10 days.
Features of Bifidumbacterin. The drug proved to be reliable and harmless. A high concentration of bifidobacteria allows you to quickly displace candida fungus and cleanse the body of its consequences. These suppositories are suitable for both vaginal and rectal use, which is why they are also recommended for intestinal dysbiosis.
[w] Contraindications. In parallel with treatment with Bifidumbacterin, it is not recommended to take antibiotics. Before you start using the drug, check for allergies to substances in the composition. You cannot treat yourself without the supervision of a doctor. If candidiasis is not detected in the body and suppositories are used incorrectly, there is a possibility of gardenellosis or vaginosis.
Vagikal, or analogue - Laktogin
Effective and gentle on the body(thanks to the plant substances in the composition) phytocandles. The course of treatment after thrush is 10 days. Suitable for pregnant women.
Features of the drug. The composition includes calendula flowers, they help relieve inflammation. The product exhibits antioxidant properties, perfectly heals and regenerates epithelial tissue.
Contraindications. Apart from personal intolerance to the components, there are no serious warnings.
Nystatin, or analogue - Polygynax
Highly effective product. They restore the vaginal environment well. It is prescribed after thrush and to prevent relapse. Course - 14 days.
Features of the drug. Before starting a course of treatment, the doctor must make a preliminary diagnosis of the discharge that is bothering the girl. This is important because it determines further treatment. If you start taking Nystatin without first identifying that the bacteria in the body are insensitive to the drug, the pathology will begin to progress.
Violation of the vaginal microflora is a very common pathology familiar to many women. This condition can be observed not only in women who are sexually active, but also in very young girls who have not yet started it. Violation of healthy microflora is called vaginal dysbiosis (dysbiosis) of the vagina.
Its insidiousness lies in the fact that it is completely asymptomatic and the woman is unaware of the existence of dysbiosis for a long time. But subsequently quite serious complications begin, in the form of inflammatory and gynecological diseases. Therefore, this pathology must be treated, namely, restore normal, healthy microflora.
Recovery, medications for vaginal microflora - we will talk about all this with you today. But first, let's find out what microflora is considered normal and why it needs to be restored?
Microflora norm
You need to know that the main function of microflora is to provide an acidic environment in the vagina, protecting against the penetration and proliferation of pathogenic microbes - bacteria, fungi. In addition, the acidic environment has a disastrous effect on weak sperm, allowing only the healthiest and strongest of them to pass through. Also, normal, healthy microflora strengthens local immunity, activates the production of protective proteins and antibodies.
Symptoms of microflora disorders
As we have already said, in the first stages the violation does not manifest itself clearly. Problems begin to arise when, due to a violation of the acidic environment, pathogenic bacteria, in particular gardnerella, begin to penetrate and multiply without hindrance. This is when the characteristic signs of the disease appear.
A characteristic symptom is the appearance of copious discharge with an unpleasant odor and rotten fish. In addition, the woman is bothered by a burning sensation in the genital area and itching.
When dysbiosis spreads to the uterus, painful sensations in the lower abdomen may occur.
When pathogenic microbes enter the urinary tract, dysbacteriosis acquires symptoms of cystitis and urethritis.
Restoration of vaginal microflora
It should be noted that the necessary medications are prescribed by the doctor individually for each patient. After the examination, medications are prescribed. Therapy consists of two stages:
Suppression, elimination of pathogenic microorganisms,
Restoration of normal, healthy microflora, local immunity of the vagina.
Drugs used:
To suppress and prevent pathogenic microbes, local medications are prescribed - suppositories, creams, douching, as well as vaginal tablets. These drugs include metronidazole, terzhinan. Kion-D and clotrimaxozole are used. Douching is carried out with aqueous solutions of boric acid.
To restore normal microflora, biological products bifidin, bifidumbacterin, apilak, acylact, biovestin and others are used.
In advanced cases, the use of biological products may not be sufficient. Therefore, in such cases, more serious medications are needed. In particular, antibiotic treatment is prescribed. Trichopolum and doxycycline are used.
All women who have undergone treatment for vaginal microflora dysbiosis should continue to be observed by a gynecologist. You will need to visit the doctor every three months for a year. Such visits are very important. Only in this way can a relapse begin to be detected in time and appropriate measures taken.
If the disease does not return during the first year after treatment, you can visit the gynecologist as always - once every six months.
Folk remedies
A good treatment is a decoction of calendula flowers. Prepare a decoction of 2 tsp. dry plant and 2 glasses of water. Soak the strained, cooled broth generously in hygienic tampons, which you insert into the vagina for 1-2 hours several times a day.
It is useful to insert tampons moistened with fresh bio-kefir or smeared with liquid honey. In this case, the tampon is inserted in the evening and left overnight. Treat for 10 days.
A popular and long-standing remedy is chamomile. Aqueous infusions for douching are prepared from its flowers. To do this, pour boiling water over dried flowers at the rate of 1 tbsp. l. for 400 ml of water. When it's brewed, strain. Do douching with warm infusion in the evenings. Treatment - 10 days.
Important!
Start restoring the damaged microflora as soon as your next menstruation ends. During treatment, refrain from sexual intercourse or use protective equipment (condom). This is necessary to protect your partner from pathogenic bacteria.
For the purpose of prevention, your partner is strongly recommended to be examined by a specialist. This must also be done to prevent re-infection. The fact is that men can carry some treatment-resistant bacterial vaginosis pathogens. Be healthy!
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Statistics say that every 7 women suffer from thrush. There are many products available on the pharmaceutical market that fight women's diseases. Thrush can be treated quickly and efficiently.
After a full course of taking medications for thrush, restoration of the vaginal microflora is required. A variety of medications are available for the procedure; suppositories are considered the most effective. Gynecologists recommend starting to restore the microflora immediately after complete treatment of thrush.
Why is the microflora disrupted after thrush?
Thrush increases the overall level of dysbiosis. This leads to the fact that the microflora does not perform functions that protect the female reproductive system.
Every 7th woman experiences discomfort associated with thrush. After treatment of this disease, it is necessary to restore the vaginal microflora.
Microflora maintains the acidic environment of the vagina. Protects against the penetration of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Enhances protein synthesis.
The entry of viruses and bacteria into the genitals leads to an active state of blood cells. After thrush The vaginal microflora retains pathogenic bacteria for a long time. They block the normal functioning of the vaginal system.
Why restore microflora after thrush?
Without the acidic environment of the vagina, there is an odor and a greater amount of active discharge unrelated to the menstrual cycle or leucorrhoea. Thus, if the microflora is disrupted, bacteria again cause thrush or candidiasis.
The vaginal microflora is best restored by suppositories. Note, that disruption of the menstrual cycle according to the female calendar signals problems with normal microflora.
Maintaining vaginal flora completes the course of thrush treatment
There is a certain risk of relapse. Approximately 5.5%.
Suppositories for restoring microflora after treatment of thrush
The principle of flora normalization: introduction of bifidobacteria of varying degrees. Contained in probiotics. Restores the natural level of beneficial bacteria in the vaginal microflora. Creates an antiseptic and cleansing effect. They are administered in the form of suppositories, drops, tablets, and acid solutions. Candles are the highest quality and most effective.
Important to remember, Medications, including suppositories, to restore microflora after treatment of thrush, are prescribed only by a medical specialist.
The diagnosis is made based on the results of flora analysis. Then treatment begins.
After completing the course, a repeat analysis is taken. The level of dysbacteriosis is determined. If it is more than 25%, the gynecologist prescribes re-treatment to speed up the restoration of the microflora.
"Vagilak"
A preparation that contains calendula tincture. Heals, strengthens the immune system, microflora. Maintains normal acid levels. Available in the form of candles. Placed daily, at night, after taking a shower. The course lasts 7-14 days.
Vagilak suppositories restore microflora and strengthen the immune system. It has no special contraindications. However during use, you should forget about alcoholic cocktails and cigarettes, and also refuse sexual intercourse. It is not recommended to use the suppositories in question for pregnant women.
"Ecofemin"
Herbal preparation in the form of suppositories. The composition is based on field chamomile. Disinfects, eliminates dryness and burning in the vaginal area. Treatment lasts 10-14 days. In case of relapse, re-prescribed for 7 days. Use 1 candle in the morning and evening.
While taking Ecofemin, doctors recommend not smoking or drinking alcohol. Contraindicated for diseases of the heart, nervous system, and pregnant women and girls who have recently given birth. Doesn't cause addiction. During the treatment period, it is recommended to give up all bad habits.
Gynecologists prescribe chamomile tincture with the drug "Ecofemin" to reduce the risk of relapse. You need to drink the tincture 2 times a day, morning and evening on an empty stomach.
"Bifidumbacterin"
This is what Bifidumbacterin suppositories look like Available in the form of candles. Main active substance – bifidobacteria. Restore the acidic environment of the body due to reproduction and detrimental effects on candida bacteria. Replenishes the supply of beneficial vaginal bacteria.
Candles promote active cleansing of microflora. They are also used to restore intestinal microflora. The drug is prescribed for the treatment of thrush. The course of treatment is 10 days. It is administered 3-4 times a day, but with the instructions of a medical specialist. Prescribed to pregnant girls after 8 weeks for the prevention of candidiasis.
During treatment, do not use antibiotics or antipyretics.
"Lactobacterin"
Prescribed after treatment of thrush. Available in the form of candles. Supports metabolism, strengthens the immune system. Improves the concentration of the acidic environment of the vagina. Promotes disinfection of microflora.
Lactobacterin is prescribed to restore microflora For recovery, use for 14 days, 2 suppositories 3 times a day. In addition, this drug is prescribed 10 days before birth. The drug is approved during lactation. It is also recommended to take drops.
It is important to know, that it is contraindicated for a minor girl to use Lactobacterin.
Candles "Vaginorm S"
Vaginorm S suppositories support vaginal acid Release form: candles. A drug contains large amounts of ascorbic acid. Maintains the acidic environment of the vagina. Eliminates bacteria and viruses that cause irritation of the uterine epithelium. Has an antiseptic effect.
The course of treatment involves 10 or 14 days according to the individual indicator. Use 1 suppository per day. To get an effective result Gynecologists recommend drinking more water.
In case of relapse, the period of use is 2-3 months. The drug is contraindicated in underage girls. Allowed in the 1st semester of pregnancy. Special instructions: do not use with antibiotics.
The active ingredient of the suppositories – interferon, taurine – cleanses the vaginal walls. In addition, it disinfects the urinary system. Supports local immunity.
Genferon can be used during lactation The concentration of the active substance in the body is insignificant. Treatment lasts 20-30 days, 1 suppository is designed for use 3 times a day.
After every 10 days it is necessary to take a flora smear
Gynecologists prescribe Genferon for the treatment of thrush. Used after pregnancy, during lactation. Suppositories for restoring microflora - "Genferon" - are allowed to be taken by underage girls. Compatible with other medications.
"Pimafucin"
This is what Pinafucin candles look like Complex treatment is prescribed with Vagikal drops. The course lasts from 10 to 14 days. 1 suppository is administered 3 times a day or as recommended by a gynecologist.
It is also used 7 days before conception, if suppositories were previously used to restore microflora after treatment of thrush. P Contraindicated for pregnant women and minor girls. Compatible with antibiotics.
Prevention of dysbiosis after thrush
Important to remember about the prevention of dysbacteriosis after thrush. The body is still weakened. Suppositories for restoring microflora after treatment of thrush are suitable as prevention.
Sich for restoration of microflora should be prescribed by a gynecologist. Self-medication is not recommended. To do this, it is necessary to reduce the amount of the drug. It is enough to take medications against thrush once every 2-3 months.
- Maintain personal hygiene. Take a warm shower daily, morning and evening, and wash the external genitalia with antibacterial soap. Use the shower more often during your menstrual cycle. Change pads every 3 hours, tampons every 7 hours. Use antibacterial personal hygiene products.
- Proper nutrition. Preferably consume fermented milk products. For example: cottage cheese, milk, sour cream, sourdough, fermented baked milk, kefir.
- Eliminate fatty foods. Increase the amount of fruits and vegetables. For meat, preference is given to beef and chicken. Soak potatoes for 3 hours before eating. Steam food. Remove bread, sweets, alcoholic drinks, spicy cheeses and vegetables from your diet.
- Use contraception. After sexual intercourse, take a warm shower. It is necessary to take anti-thrush medications before sexual intercourse. Conduct a clinical examination of your partner for the presence of candidal fungus. Start preventing male thrush.
- Choose underwear made of cotton fabric. It is durable, does not cause an allergic reaction, and traps dust and external bacteria.
- Take vitamin complexes to strengthen the body's immunity.
- Visit a gynecologist 3 - 4 times a year. Take blood, urine, and flora smear tests. If symptoms of thrush appear, immediately consult a gynecologist.
- Thoroughly wash underwear with baby washing powder.
Suppositories to restore microflora after treatment of thrush are prescribed by a gynecologist. The range of choice is huge.
Each drug has individual treatment properties. You need to know about the prevention of thrush and dysbacteriosis. Monitor your health daily. If you experience any discomfort, be sure to contact a gynecologist.
This video will tell pregnant girls how to overcome thrush using folk methods:
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This video will tell you how to treat thrush after taking antibiotics: