Vaccination calendar for children in Russia: schedule by age, voluntariness, and the consequences of refusal. On approval of the national calendar of preventive vaccinations and the calendar of preventive vaccinations for epidemic indications National calendar of immunizations

In any country, the Ministry of Health has approved its own vaccination schedule for the population. The national vaccination calendar in Russia was finalized in 2014 and includes mandatory vaccinations for the population of any age. Minor changes have been made to the document. The regional Ministry of Health is developing the approved calendar to suit its own characteristics. This is due to the epidemiological characteristics of each region and material capabilities. Let's look at what vaccines our vaccination schedule includes.

Changes and innovations

At the end of 2014, Russia adopted the newest national calendar of preventive vaccinations. Changes have been made to it:

Babies from 2 months of age will receive a preventive vaccination against pneumococcal infection. The injection will be given twice.
Flu vaccinations are required for pregnant women. Previously, pregnant women were not vaccinated against seasonal viruses.
Before a preventive vaccination, the doctor must conduct an informational conversation and explain to the patient why this or that vaccination is needed. If the patient writes a refusal, he must be informed what consequences await him after infection. Previously, the doctor did not concentrate his attention and did not explain to the patient what complications may arise after vaccination and what the contraindications are.
According to the principles of the Public Health Law, consent and refusal of preventive vaccination must be documented. Consent or refusal for minors is signed by their parents or guardians.
Before any vaccination, the patient must receive a full medical examination. Previously, they simply asked the patient if there were any complaints; today the doctor is obliged to listen to the patient, examine the skin, nasopharyngeal mucosa, and listen to breathing.
Medical workers in educational institutions are required to warn parents 6–7 days before vaccinating their children. Parents now have time to prepare their baby.

If one of the conditions before the preventive vaccination was not met, the doctor’s actions are considered illegal.

In small provinces, the transition to new rules is difficult. Doctors are used to working differently and do not always talk to the patient. On the other hand, a doctor can spend no more than 7 minutes examining 1 patient on a first-come, first-served basis. What can you tell us during this time? And there’s no need to talk about quality inspection once again.

What vaccinations are included in the calendar

The new vaccination schedule includes vaccinations against diseases: Hepatitis B, Pneumococcal infection, Measles, Diphtheria, Whooping cough, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis, Haemophilus influenzae, Rubella.

Vaccinations are the infection of the body in a weak form, artificially obtained, dead or living bacteria or viruses. It takes place once or in several injections, at a certain interval.

So, Hepatitis B is vaccinated according to two schemes. The first is prescribed to children from the normal group (0/1/6), the second with a high risk of infection (0/1/2/12).

Revaccination is the support of the immunity that developed after the first vaccination.

Let's consider the stages of vaccination and revaccination according to the national calendar in the form of a table:

Age group	Name of disease for vaccination	Stage	Features of injection
Children the first day after birth	Hepatitis B	first vaccination	The vaccine for injection can be used from any manufacturer, without preservatives, and is given to all children, including those at risk.
Children aged 3–7 days	Tuberculosis	vaccination	carried out in regions where the epidemic threshold is above 80 thousand, is mandatory for children at risk (when there are infected people in the family or the mother has not been vaccinated).
1 month	Hepatitis B	second vaccination	everyone, including risk groups;
			The vaccine is the same as for the first injection.
2 months	Hepatitis B	third vaccination	for children at risk.
3 months	Pneumococcal infection	first	any kids
Complex (diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus)	first	_
Polio	first	any kids;
		using non-living bacteria.
Haemophilus influenzae infection	first	children at risk: those infected with HIV, those with weakened immune systems, cancer patients. Everyone from the baby house, without exception.
4.5 months	Whooping cough, Diphtheria, Tetanus	second	any kids
Polio	second	all children;
		only dead bacteria.
Pneumococcus	second	to all children
Haemophilus influenzae infection	second	children at risk
Six months	Whooping cough, Tetanus, Diphtheria	third	_
Polio	third	a child with a weakened immune system, from parents with HIV, living in infant homes;
		carried out by living bacteria.
Hepatitis B	third	_
Haemophilus influenzae infection	third	for babies at risk
Year	Mumps, Measles, Rubella	vaccination	_
Hepatitis B	fourth	babies from families at high risk of getting sick
Year and 3 months	Measles, Mumps, Rubella	revaccination	any children
One and half year	Whooping cough, Tetanus, Diphtheria	revaccination	_
Polio	revaccination first	everyone, with the help of living bacteria
Haemophilus influenzae infection	revaccination	children at risk
Year and 8 months	Polio	revaccination second	everyone;
			using live bacteria
6 years	Rubella, Measles, Mumps	revaccination	_
6–7 years	Tetanus, Diphtheria	revaccination second	a vaccine with fewer antigens.
	Tuberculosis (BCG)	revaccination	everyone;
			a drug for prevention
14 years	Tetanus, Diphtheria	revaccination third	a vaccine with less antigen.
	Polio	revaccination third	any teenager;
			live bacterium
Over 18 years old	Tetanus, Diphtheria	revaccination	repeat every 10 years.
From 18 to 25	Rubella	vaccination	to the population who were not vaccinated or were, but once.
From 18 to 55	Hepatitis B	vaccination	once every 10 years.

The population from 18 to 35 years old is also vaccinated against Measles. The interval between injections is maximum 2 months. The group includes those who have not been previously vaccinated or have not been vaccinated again. This also includes people at risk.

The vaccination schedule includes a flu vaccine. It is mandatory for pregnant women, school students, children in kindergartens, and the working part of the population in the public service. Private entrepreneurs can purchase the vaccine separately for their employees.

The calendar includes additional vaccinations, which are prescribed in regions with low epidemic rates, for people with professional activities at risk. These include: herpes zoster, tick-borne encephalitis. But anyone who wants can get these vaccinations at a clinic at their place of residence. But, it is worth understanding that in order to develop immunity to tick-borne encephalitis, you need to be vaccinated with three injections. The disease becomes active from April to July. All three injections must be given before the beginning of summer. The interval between them is no more than 1 month. More details in the video:

The national vaccination calendar has been approved by our Ministry of Health and includes only proven injections. In the regions they are purchased and administered to the population free of charge. Without vaccinations, the population on the planet would be 2 times smaller. Therefore, before you write a refusal, think about what part you and your family members fall into!

Vaccination schedule for adults - vaccination schedule Vaccination table by age from birth to 14 years Vaccination calendar for adults and children from different countries Vaccination calendar: polio.

The vaccination calendar developed by the Ministry of Health helps protect infants and older children from serious diseases. Mandatory vaccinations for children include those that are commonly given everywhere. Vaccinations for epidemic (emergency) indications are given to people living in areas with the greatest likelihood of contracting any infection.

Each country develops its own list of necessary vaccinations that are given to the population. A distinctive feature of the Russian vaccination calendar is the provision of a routine vaccine against tuberculosis (due to the high risk of contracting this disease). In addition, there is no vaccination against hemophilus influenzae type B (it is given only to a certain group of people).

The first vaccinations for newborns begin in the maternity hospital, the rest continue to be given in the clinic. Periodically, changes are made to the schedule, for example, a list of new vaccines is introduced and the range of children who are at risk is expanded.

The national vaccination calendar, approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, is a document that specifies the approximate dates and types of preventive vaccinations.

The mandatory part of the calendar lists vaccinations that are given against most common diseases. The additional part provides for vaccinations according to epidemic indications in the area with a focus of infection, including people at risk (these are people who can easily become infected).

What are children vaccinated against under one year of age?

Vaccination of newborns allows them to develop immunity to many infectious diseases as early as possible. The smaller the baby, the more dangerous the disease is for him, since the immune system is immature and cannot fully resist pathogens. For example, when infected with whooping cough before the age of one year, there is a high risk of developing complications in the form of cerebral edema.

Vaccinations required up to a year are also given because during this period there is a lower risk of contracting an infection. And by the time your social circle expands, immunity will have already developed.

The vaccination schedule for infants up to one year old includes a large list of vaccines. Each of which needs to be properly prepared so that no undesirable consequences arise.

In the maternity hospital

The first vaccinations for newborns begin from the first day of life, even during their stay in the maternity hospital. The very first in line to be administered is a drug that develops immunity to hepatitis B.

The list of mandatory vaccinations for children includes a vaccine against tuberculosis. The disease initially affects the respiratory system. The BCG vaccination is given between the third and seventh day from birth. If the level of infection in the region is low and there are no tuberculosis patients in the family, then a lighter version of the vaccine is given - BCG-M.

The first vaccination against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus is administered no earlier than three months.

Beginning of life

After discharge from the maternity hospital, the child is transferred to a local clinic for patronage. Already here, the local pediatrician monitors the vaccination schedule for each child separately.

The vaccination table for up to six months includes the following vaccines.

*Additional vaccination against hepatitis B is carried out at 2 months if the child is at risk.

What vaccinations are required at 4 months? By this age, the child’s own immunity begins to develop quite actively. In the middle of the fourth month of life, the drugs that were given before are reintroduced:

DTP vaccination.
Poliomyelitis vaccine is often combined with the DPT vaccine.
A vaccination that protects against hemophilus influenzae infection (thanks to the vaccine, the child will not get sick with purulent meningitis and pneumonia).
A new change in the vaccination schedule was the introduction of a vaccine against pneumococcal disease.

All vaccinations can cause minor side effects such as fever, weakness, decreased appetite, and moodiness.

But within two days all signs should go away. If symptoms do not go away, you should consult a doctor.

Six months of age

What vaccine is given to a child when he or she reaches six months of age? At 6 months you need to receive three basic vaccinations, which are prescribed by the World Health Organization. This is already the third revaccination if the child is vaccinated according to the calendar standards.

The DTP vaccine prevents infection with diseases such as diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus. These diseases are dangerous for young children, as infection occurs quickly and the risk of complications is high. The most common side effects after the procedure are high fever, increased sweating, drowsiness, moodiness, crying, and upset bowel movements.

Every six months, the vaccination calendar includes vaccination against such a dangerous disease as polio. The disease primarily affects the nervous system and leads to paralysis. The drug is administered intramuscularly.

Rarely, there are undesirable reactions to the vaccine in the form of swelling of the face, allergic rash, upset stool, and a slight rise in body temperature. They usually develop on the 4th day after vaccination.

For many babies, the last vaccine against hepatitis B is given at six months, and after that immunity is developed for about two decades. Vaccination is easy, without side effects.

The end of the year

As the child approaches a year of age, he or she is vaccinated against rubella, mumps and measles. It is by this time that the child’s own protective antibodies to these diseases, which the child received from the mother, run out. At 12 months, children at risk are also vaccinated against hepatitis B.

Measles is an infectious disease and is rapidly transmitted by airborne droplets. In children under one year of age, the disease is especially severe, affecting internal organs, and complications often develop.

The viral disease mumps is dangerous due to its complications. The reproductive organs in boys, joints, and internal organs may be affected, and the brain may become inflamed.

Rubella is most often mild. The temperature rises and a rash appears on the body. As in other cases, the disease has dangerous consequences.

Possible adverse reactions include a slight rise in body temperature, weakness, redness and soreness of the injection site, and lymph nodes may become enlarged.

In most cases, vaccination against these diseases is combined. The drug is injected into the right shoulder. A single administration of the drug does not provide protection against infections, so vaccination is repeated at 6 years of age. Repeated doses of the vaccine provide nearly 99% protection against disease.

The vaccination table for children under one year of age is as follows.

Up to a year, a child is given vaccines according to the calendar by month. The table clearly shows how many vaccinations are given to a child under one year of age.

After a year

Routine vaccinations continue even after a year.

At 18 months, DPT vaccinations are continued and vaccines against polio and Haemophilus influenzae are given.
At 20 months they are vaccinated against polio.
At 6 years of age, the drug against measles, rubella and mumps is reintroduced.
At 7 years old, BCG is given (provided that the reaction to the Mantoux test was negative) and ADS-m.
At 14 years of age, the polio and ADS-m vaccines are administered again.

What vaccines are available for older people? The table lists the vaccinations that are given until old age. It is routinely recommended to be vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus every 10 years. Vaccinations are selectively carried out against pneumococcal infection, tick-borne encephalitis, hepatitis A and B.

Preventive vaccinations for epidemic reasons are carried out in some countries (for example, drugs are administered against diseases such as brucellosis, influenza, tick-borne encephalitis, anthrax, plague).

How to prepare a child?

Vaccination of a child must be approached responsibly and prepared in advance. The opinion of experts is that the following recommendations must be followed:

3 days before the intended procedure, you need to stop visiting crowded places. This will avoid infection by viruses and bacteria.
You cannot introduce new foods into your diet. During preparation for the vaccination procedure, you should exclude foods that provoke allergies (citrus fruits, chocolate, nuts, eggs).

If a child is prone to allergies, the doctor may recommend taking antihistamines three days before vaccination.
Stop taking vitamin D for a week.
It is first recommended to take a blood and urine test to identify hidden inflammatory processes in the body.

The vaccine should not be administered if the child has any skin rashes, bowel movements are disturbed, he behaves restlessly, is capricious, or eats poorly. It is better to reschedule the vaccination date to another day.

There are a number of restrictions that must be observed after vaccination. This will help avoid side effects and complications:

The first two cannot be walked on the street.
It is allowed to give an antipyretic.
It is not recommended to wet, rub or scratch the injection site, as there is a high risk of infection.

Whether it is possible to bathe a baby after vaccination depends on his condition. If there is no reaction to the vaccination, the child looks as usual in the evening, the temperature has not risen, the stool is normal, the appetite is good, then you can give it a bath. The water should not be too hot (about 33 degrees).

In the case when the temperature has risen, the child is capricious, refuses to eat, looks lethargic and drowsy, of course, it is better to refuse water procedures until the condition normalizes.

In the first years of life, the baby will have a lot of vaccinations, so parents should understand what vaccinations will be offered to them, why the vaccine should be administered so early, and how to prepare for the vaccination. Let's look at the vaccination schedule for children from birth to three years of age.

Calculate your vaccination schedule

Why get vaccinated at such an early age?

The introduction of vaccines in the first years of life helps babies develop immunity against dangerous infections as early as possible. Infectious diseases are especially dangerous for very young children. For example, infection with tuberculosis in the first year of life is often complicated by meningitis, which can result in death.

If the hepatitis B virus enters a baby’s body at an early age, the child will remain a carrier for the rest of his life, and his liver will be threatened by such serious pathologies as cirrhosis or cancer. Whooping cough is very dangerous for babies under one year old, as it can cause suffocation and damage the brain. No less dangerous are hemophilic and pneumococcal infections, which cause difficult-to-treat and often fatal damage to the lungs, ear, meninges, heart and other organs of the baby.

Most vaccinations protect your baby from fatal diseases.

Many parents doubt whether to vaccinate so early because they are sure that infants under 3 years of age practically do not encounter pathogens of such dangerous diseases. They are wrong, because there is always a risk of infection, since many people are asymptomatic carriers. In addition, having started vaccination before the age of one year, by the time the child is actively exploring everything around and communicating with other people, he will already be protected from such unsafe infections.

Table

Year of a child's life	What infection is vaccination against?
	Hepatitis B: on the first day of life per month at 2 months (according to indications) at 6 months at 12 months (according to indications) Tuberculosis: in the first days of life (3-7) Pneumococcal infection: at 2 months at 4.5 months Whooping cough, tetanus, diphtheria, polio, Haemophilus influenzae(according to indications): at 3 months at 4.5 months at 6 months Rubella, mumps, measles: at 12 months Flu: from 6 months in autumn
	Hepatitis B(not previously vaccinated): according to the 0-1-6 scheme Flu: annually in autumn Measles, rubella(not previously vaccinated): once Haemophilus influenzae infection once Pneumococcal infection(re-vaccination): at 15 months Whooping cough, tetanus, diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae(booster vaccination, according to indications): at 18 months Polio(re-vaccination): : at 18 months at 20 months
	Hepatitis B (not previously vaccinated): according to the 0-1-6 scheme Flu: annually in autumn Measles, rubella (not previously vaccinated): once Haemophilus influenzae infection(if indicated for children who have not been vaccinated before): once

In addition to vaccinations, from the age of 12 months, children also begin to undergo an annual Mantoux test to check their immunity to tuberculosis.

Short description

On the first day after birth, the child is vaccinated against hepatitis B, since there is a high risk of contracting such an infection from the mother or during medical procedures. The injection is performed in the first 12 hours of life. Vaccination against hepatitis is carried out 3 times up to a year - the second vaccination is given every month, and the third every six months. If the baby is classified as a risk group, there will be four vaccinations - the third vaccination is postponed to 2 months of age, and the fourth is performed a year. Babies who have not been vaccinated before one year of age can be vaccinated against hepatitis B at any time using the 0-1-6 schedule.
Also in the maternity hospital, the child receives another vaccination - against tuberculosis. Babies are vaccinated with BCG or its lighter version (BCG-M).
At 2 months of age, a cycle of vaccinations against pneumococcal infection begins. The first vaccination is carried out at 2-3 months, the second - after a month and a half (usually at 4.5 months). At 1 year 3 months, revaccination is performed to maintain protection against pneumococci.
Three-month-old babies receive several vaccines at once, among which one of the most important, but also the most often causing adverse reactions, is DPT.
This vaccination will provide good protection against tetanus, whooping cough and diphtheria. The vaccine is administered three times at intervals of 30-45 days - usually at 3, 4.5 and 6 months. At the same time, according to indications (if there are increased risks), they are vaccinated against Haemophilus influenzae.
The vaccine is also administered three times at the same age as DTP. There are combination drugs that allow you to give only 1 injection, and if there are several vaccines, they are injected into different parts of the body. At 18 months, DTP and the vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae are administered again (the first revaccination is carried out). If the child has not been vaccinated against hemophilus influenzae infection before 6 months, the vaccination is performed twice at the age of 6 months to a year with an interval of a month, and revaccination is carried out according to the plan at 1.5 years. If a child has not been vaccinated against such an infection before the age of 1 year, vaccination is carried out only once at the age of 1-5 years. Vaccination against polio begins simultaneously with DPT.
The first two vaccinations at 3 months and at 4 and a half months are carried out using an inactivated vaccine (injection is given), and for the third vaccination at 6 months in healthy children a live vaccine is used (drops are given). Revaccination against this infection is carried out twice in the second year of life - at 1.5 years and at 20 months. One comprehensive vaccine provides protection against all these infections. If for some reason vaccination does not take place, vaccination against rubella and measles can be performed with separate preparations for children after one year at any time.
From the age of 6 months they begin to vaccinate against influenza. The vaccine is given annually some time before a possible epidemic (in the fall).

Most vaccinations are routine, but you can optionally vaccinate your child if you wish.

Preparing for vaccination

Since only healthy babies can be vaccinated, the main point of preparation should be to determine the health status of the baby. The baby must be examined by a doctor. If we are talking about vaccinations in the maternity hospital, then they are allowed to be carried out by a neonatologist. Vaccinations between the ages of 1 month and 3 years are prescribed by a local pediatrician, examining the child before each vaccination. If there are suspicions of health problems, then before vaccination the child should be shown to a neurologist or immunologist.

It is also recommended to donate the baby’s blood and urine for analysis. If the baby has an increased risk of an allergic reaction, you can start giving an antihistamine a few days before vaccination, continuing to take it for two days after the injection.

Parents should buy antipyretic drugs in advance, since one of the most common adverse reactions to vaccinations is fever. There is no need to wait for high numbers; you can give medicine even at temperatures above 37.3 degrees.
Take your baby to the clinic with a toy that will help distract your baby a little from the unpleasant and uncomfortable sensations of vaccination.
Do not change your child's diet a few days before and after vaccination. This is not the best time to try new foods or start complementary feeding.

The vaccination calendar will help parents find out the timing of immunization and the name of the vaccine that will be administered to the child at the clinic.

The professional vaccination calendar that operates in the Russian Federation is one of the most complete when compared with other countries in the world.

If you analyze the professional vaccination scheme of this year and previous years, you can see what innovations have been introduced
This year there are new vaccinations that are receiving a lot of attention, for example, vaccinations against viral hepatitis
A schematic table of vaccinations is mandatory for use in every region of Russia. Exceptions may be areas with difficult epidemic conditions.

Russian vaccination calendar: list of vaccinations

Every year, the immunization schematic table is reviewed by specialists from the Ministry of Health and approved by the country's chief doctors
Responsible work is being carried out by medical personnel, who change the timing of vaccines, taking into account the reality of the epidemic situation in the country

Important: All changes are applied in practice. Parents are required to follow the vaccination schedule if they want their child to grow up to be a healthy and beautiful person.

The Russian vaccination calendar of the year is no exception. It was compiled taking into account the most complex forecasts to identify the number of people who are carriers of dangerous bacteria.

The list of vaccinations in Russia that children must receive before reaching adulthood is also approved annually. In maternity hospitals, kindergartens, schools and universities, children are vaccinated against the following diseases:

Viral hepatitis B
Tuberculosis
Diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus
Haemophilus influenzae infection
Poliomyelitis
Measles, rubella, mumps
Flu

Before giving their child a shot, parents should be aware of the benefits of the immunization process.
Vaccination is given only to healthy children. He should not have contraindications to the administration of a particular vaccine, for example, an allergy to egg white
The doctor must inform parents about the consequences that may occur after the injection

What else moms and dads need to know about vaccinations and vaccinations for children can be read in this article.

Remember: Immunizing children helps reduce serious infections! After the injection is administered, children's immunity produces antibodies that allow them to fight pathogens of infectious diseases if they enter the child's body.

Vaccination calendar: table

The work of children's clinics is currently focused on mass immunization
However, mothers and fathers must sign permission to administer the injection in a clinic - at a doctor’s appointment, or at home, if vaccination will be carried out in an educational institution
Below is a table with the vaccination calendar. It is convenient to use, and every mother will know when her baby needs the next immunization

Table with vaccination calendar

Age group of children subject to professional vaccinations	Name of immunization	Based on what documents are vaccinations carried out?
Newborn babies in the first 24 hours after birth	First immunization against viral hepatitis B	It is carried out for all children according to the instructions, including children from risk groups: if the mother is a carrier of the hepatitis B virus or suffered this disease in the third trimester of pregnancy; if the mother did not provide the results of examination for markers of hepatitis B to the maternity ward; if the child has drug-addicted parents who are carriers of viral hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis
Newborns 3-7 days of birth	Immunization against tuberculosis	Gentle first immunization - special vaccines are used to prevent this disease
Children at 1 month	Second immunization against hepatitis B	Conducted for all children, including children at risk
Children at 2 months	Third stage of immunization against hepatitis B	Conducted for all children, including children at risk
Children at 3 months	First stage of immunization against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus	Available for all children of this age
Children from 3 to 6 months	The first stage of immunization against Haemophilus influenzae infection	It is carried out for children who belong to risk groups: if the child has an immunodeficiency state or certain anatomical defects that lead to the risk of contracting this infection; if the child has an oncohematological disease; HIV-infected children and children born to HIV-infected mothers; children who are in specialized closed boarding schools or health institutions.
Children at 4.5 months	First stage of immunization against polio Second stage of immunization against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus Second stage of immunization against Haemophilus influenzae Second stage of immunization against polio	All these vaccinations are carried out according to the instructions for children of this age group
Children at 6 months	Third stage of immunization against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus The third stage of immunization against viral hepatitis B The third stage of immunization against Haemophilus influenzae Third stage of immunization against polio	These vaccinations are carried out for children of this age group who have received vaccinations as planned.
Children at 12 months	Immunization against measles, rubella, mumps The fourth stage of immunization against hepatitis B	Vaccination is carried out in accordance with approved instructions
Children at 18 months	First revaccination against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus First revaccination stage against polio Revaccinated stage against Haemophilus influenzae infection	Vaccinations are carried out for children according to instructions to prevent these diseases in this age group.
Children at 20 months	Second stage of polio immunization	Carried out to children on the basis of instructions
Children aged 6	Revaccination stage against measles, rubella and mumps	Carried out on the basis of instructions for this age group
Children 6-7 years old	Second revaccination stage against diphtheria and tetanus	It is carried out on the basis of instructions for the use of toxoids with a minimum content of antigens for children of this age
Children aged 7	Revaccinated stage against tuberculosis	The child is first given a Mantoux test. If the result is negative, this revaccination is carried out in accordance with the instructions for children of this age
Children aged 14	Third revaccination stage against diphtheria and tetanus Third revaccination stage against polio	Carried out on the basis of instructions for use of the vaccine for children of this age
Adult children aged 18	Revaccinated stage against tuberculosis Revaccinated stage against diphtheria and tetanus	Performed on tuberculin-negative children of this age Carried out on the basis of instructions for use every 10 years from the date of the last vaccination
Children from 1 year to 18 years	Immunization against viral hepatitis B	Conducted in accordance with the instructions: the first dose at the start of vaccination, the second dose - a month later, the third dose 5 months after the second dose.
Children from 1 to 18 years old	Immunization against rubella	It is carried out for children who have not had this disease and have not been vaccinated previously, and for girls from 18 to 25 years old (who have not been ill and have not been vaccinated before)
Children from 6 months, schoolchildren and university students	Flu immunization	Carrying out on the basis of instructions for use
Children aged 15-17 years	Immunization against measles	It is carried out on the basis of instructions for use for children who have not had this disease and have not been vaccinated previously

Important: Vaccines can be administered (except for tuberculosis vaccinations), if necessary, in one dose, but with different syringes. If the immunization deadlines are violated, then vaccination is carried out according to new schemes, which are prescribed in the national vaccination calendar.

Note to parents: Immunization is carried out using special medications that are registered with the Ministry of Health.

Russian vaccination calendar for children under 1 year of age

Many mothers and fathers believe that young children are given a large number of injections in order to improve immunization. After all, until a child is one year old, he or she is vaccinated almost every month.

The complete vaccination calendar in Russia for children under 1 year of age consists of the following vaccinations:

Against viral hepatitis
Against tuberculosis
Against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus
Against hemophilus influenzae infection (if there are indications for such vaccination)
Against polio
Against rubella, mumps

For a complete schedule of vaccinations for children of this age, see the national calendar table.

Children under 2 years old undergo revaccinations that were done earlier. This is necessary to create lasting immunity in the baby to serious infectious viruses.

The entire complete list of vaccinations up to 2 years and the timing of their implementation can be found in the national table.

Russian vaccination calendar for children under 3 years of age

Children from 2 to 3 years old are given a revaccination of vaccinations that were given before the age of one year. At this age, children are already attending kindergarten, so the child can be vaccinated in the medical office of a preschool institution.

For the complete vaccination calendar in Russia for children under 3 years of age, see the table above.

Mandatory vaccinations for children

The national vaccination calendar was approved by order of the Russian Ministry of Health No. 229 of June 27, 2001. Mandatory vaccinations for children are carried out against the following diseases:

Tuberculosis- a bacterial infection that affects various internal organs, most often the lungs
Hepatitis B- an infection that affects the liver. Acquires a chronic form, which eventually leads to cirrhosis of the liver
Polio- infection, virus. Accompanied by the formation of paralysis of an irreversible nature
Diphtheria- an infectious disease that affects the lungs, trachea, nervous system, heart muscle, adrenal glands
Whooping cough- an infection that is accompanied by a severe cough with attacks
Tetanus- this infection affects the central nervous system, which may result in convulsions or suffocation
Measles- a virus that occurs with symptoms of intoxication (high body temperature, chills), rash and damage to the mucous membranes of the nose and throat. Severe complications may occur
Rubella- a virus that causes a rash and swollen lymph nodes
Mumps- an acute disease affecting the salivary glands and nervous system. In boys, the testicles may be affected, leading to infertility

Vaccination calendar Kazakhstan

Vaccination calendar Kazakhstan year

In Kazakhstan, children are vaccinated against the same diseases as in Russia. But this country has its own calendar and its own set vaccination dates.

Complete vaccination calendar in Kazakhstan:

Vaccine timing	From tuber kuleza	From Gep tita B	About Tiv Polio Mie lita	Against cook Lyusha, diphte riy and pillar nyaka (DPT)	From diff teria and pillar nyaka (ADS)	Against diff teria (BP-m)	From diff teria and pillar nyaka (ADS-m)	About Tiv Kori	About Tiv Paro tita	From the beauty nukhi
First days life	+	+	+
Two month		+	+	+
Three months			+	+
Four months		+	+	+
12-15 months								+	+
18 months				+
6 years	+				+			+	+	+
12 years	+					+
15 years										+
16 years							+
Every 10 years							+

Vaccination calendar Ukraine year

Sanitary doctors of Ukraine annually submit for approval revised items of the national vaccination calendar for children and adults.

Full vaccination calendar Ukraine:

Immunization period	From tuber kuleza	Against hepatitis B	For whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus	From polio myelitis	Against hemo fil infection	For measles, rubella and mumps	Diff teria, pillar nope
1 day		+
3-5 day	+
1 month		+
2 months			+	+	+
4 months			+	+	+
6 months		+	+	+
12 months					+	+
18 months			+	+
6 years			+	+		+
7 years	+
14 years				+
16 years (and then every 10 years)							+

Is there a new vaccine on the vaccination schedule?

Many moms and dads are distrustful of new vaccines. Fears immediately arise: has the vaccine been tested and what are the contraindications?

Vaccination calendar

As mentioned above, the decision to carry out a particular vaccination is made by a council of specialists at the Ministry of Health. If disappointing forecasts have been made regarding the epidemiological state of this disease, then a decision is made to introduce a new vaccination.

In 2016, a new vaccine against hepatitis B appeared, which is administered to children from the first days of life until the age of 18.

Video: Actions after vaccination - School of Dr. Komarovsky

The Russian calendar of preventive vaccinations today is one of the most complete in the world. If you look at the 2018 vaccination calendar, you can see some innovations and changes. In particular, much attention is paid to vaccination against viral hepatitis. This schedule of vaccinations for children is used throughout the Russian Federation; exceptions may be regions with increased epidemiological indicators for a particular infection. Every year, the national vaccination calendar is reviewed and approved by the Ministry of Health. As a result of the careful work of sanitary doctors, significant changes may be made to the preventive vaccination calendar. They take into account the realities of the current time and must be applied in practice.

The national vaccination calendar for 2018 was no exception - its compilation took into account complex forecasts for an increase in the number of carriers of dangerous infections. In this regard, the national calendar of preventive vaccinations was supplemented with the resolution part of vaccinations for epidemiological indications.

National calendar of preventive vaccinations for children under one year of age for 2018 in Russia (with table)

The following page presents the new calendar of preventive vaccinations for 2018 in an easy-to-use form. Looking at the vaccination calendar for children for 2018, every mother will be able to determine the time when vaccination is necessary. Also, the national calendar of preventive vaccinations 2018 will indicate the period of revaccination, which should be strictly observed for the correct formation of immunity.

Particular attention should be paid to the vaccination calendar for children under one year of age - this category of babies is the most vulnerable to various infections. The vaccination calendar in Russia undergoes some changes every year, therefore, if vaccination was started a year earlier, it continues according to the standard schedule. The new national vaccination calendar in Russia begins to operate in January and applies to everyone who is vaccinated for the first time.

Table: national vaccination calendar for 2018

The following is a table of the 2018 vaccination calendar, which presents all the necessary information in an easy-to-understand form. The vaccination calendar in the table is accompanied by explanations of the procedure for vaccination.

	Name of vaccination	The procedure for carrying out preventive vaccinations
Newborns in the first 24 hours of life	First vaccination against viral	It is carried out on newborns, including those from risk groups: those born to mothers who are carriers of HBsAg; patients with viral hepatitis B or who have had viral hepatitis B in the third trimester of pregnancy; who do not have test results for hepatitis B markers; drug addicts, in families in which there is a carrier of HBsAg or a patient with acute viral hepatitis B and chronic viral hepatitis (hereinafter referred to as risk groups).
Newborns on the 3rd - 7th day of life	Vaccination against tuberculosis	Vaccines are administered to newborns to prevent tuberculosis (for gentle primary immunization) in accordance with the instructions for their use. In subjects of the Russian Federation with incidence rates exceeding 80 per 100 thousand population, as well as in the presence of tuberculosis patients in the newborn’s environment, a vaccine to prevent tuberculosis.
Children at 1 month	Second vaccination against viral hepatitis B	It is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the use of vaccines in children of this age group, including those from risk groups.
Children at 2 months	Third vaccination against viral hepatitis B	It is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the use of vaccines for children at risk.
Children at 3 months.		It is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the use of vaccines for children from 1 year to 18 years old, who have not been sick, not vaccinated, vaccinated once against rubella, and girls from 18 to 25 years old, who have not been sick, not previously vaccinated
Children from 6 months, students in grades 1-11; students of higher professional and secondary vocational educational institutions; adults working in certain professions and positions (workers of medical and educational institutions, transport, public utilities, etc.); adults over 60 years old	Flu vaccination	Carried out in accordance with the instructions for the use of vaccines annually for these categories of citizens
Children aged 15-17 years inclusive and adults up to 35 years of age		Immunization against measles for children aged 15-17 years inclusive and adults under the age of 35 who have not been vaccinated previously, have no information about vaccinations against measles and have not had measles before, is carried out in accordance with the instructions for the use of vaccines twice with an interval of at least 3 -x months between vaccinations. Persons previously vaccinated once are subject to a single immunization with an interval of at least 3 months between vaccinations.

Immunization within the framework of the national calendar of preventive vaccinations is carried out with medical immunobiological preparations registered in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, in accordance with the instructions for use.

If the timing of immunization is violated, it is carried out according to the schedules provided for in the national calendar of preventive vaccinations and in accordance with the instructions for the use of drugs. It is allowed to administer vaccines (except for vaccines for the prevention of tuberculosis), used within the framework of the national calendar of preventive vaccinations, on the same day with different syringes in different parts of the body.

National vaccination calendar for epidemic indications for 2018 with a table

The vaccination calendar for epidemic indications begins to operate in conditions of the threat of the development of an epidemic of a particular disease. In the table below, the national vaccination schedule is accompanied by special instructions in this regard. The national vaccination calendar for 2018 in the table takes into account the bulk of contact infections, including those transmitted from blood-sucking insects.

Name of vaccination		Timing of preventive vaccinations for epidemic indications
Against tularemia	The population living in territories enzootic for tularemia, as well as persons arriving in these territories performing the following work: agricultural, drainage, construction, other work on excavation and movement of soil, procurement, fishing, geological, survey, expeditionary, deratization and disinfestation; for logging, clearing and landscaping of forests, health and recreation areas for the population. Persons working with live cultures of the causative agent of tularemia	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against the plague	Population living in areas enzootic for plague. Persons working with live cultures of the plague pathogen	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against brucellosis	In goat-sheep type outbreaks there are persons performing the following work: on the procurement, storage, processing of raw materials and livestock products obtained from farms where livestock diseases with brucellosis are registered; for the slaughter of livestock suffering from brucellosis, the procurement and processing of meat and meat products obtained from it. Livestock breeders, veterinarians, livestock specialists in farms enzootic for brucellosis. Persons working with live cultures of the causative agent of brucellosis	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against anthrax	Persons performing the following work: livestock workers and other persons professionally engaged in pre-slaughter livestock maintenance, as well as slaughter, skinning and cutting of carcasses; collection, storage, transportation and primary processing of raw materials of animal origin; agricultural, drainage, construction, excavation and movement of soil, procurement, fishing, geological, survey, expedition in anthrax-enzootic territories. Laboratory workers working with material suspected of being infected with anthrax	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against rabies	For preventive purposes, persons at high risk of contracting rabies are immunized: laboratory workers working with street rabies virus; veterinary workers; huntsmen, hunters, foresters; persons performing work on catching and keeping animals	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against leptospirosis	Persons performing the following work: procurement, storage, processing of raw materials and livestock products obtained from farms located in areas enzootic for leptospirosis; for the slaughter of livestock with leptospirosis, procurement and processing of meat and meat products obtained from animals with leptospirosis; on catching and keeping stray animals. Persons working with live cultures of the causative agent of leptospirosis	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
	The population living in territories enzootic for tick-borne viral encephalitis, as well as persons arriving in these territories performing the following work: agricultural, drainage, construction, excavation and movement of soil, procurement, fishing, geological, survey, expedition, deratization and disinfestation; for logging, clearing and landscaping of forests, health and recreation areas for the population. Persons working with live cultures of tick-borne encephalitis. Persons visiting areas enzootic for tick-borne encephalitis for the purpose of recreation, tourism, work in summer cottages and gardens	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against Q fever	Persons performing work on the procurement, storage, processing of raw materials and livestock products obtained from farms where diseases of Q fever are registered in livestock. Persons performing work on the procurement, storage and processing of agricultural products in enzootic areas with Q fever. Persons working with live cultures of Q fever pathogens	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against yellow fever	Persons traveling abroad to areas enzootic for yellow fever. Persons handling live cultures of yellow fever pathogen	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against cholera	Persons traveling to cholera-prone countries. Citizens of the Russian Federation in case of complications of the sanitary and epidemiological situation regarding cholera in neighboring countries, as well as on the territory of the Russian Federation	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against typhoid fever	Persons engaged in the field of municipal improvement (workers servicing sewer networks, structures and equipment, as well as enterprises for sanitary cleaning of populated areas - collection, transportation and disposal of household waste). Persons working with live cultures of typhoid pathogens. Population living in areas with chronic water epidemics of typhoid fever. Persons traveling to hyperendemic regions and countries for typhoid fever. Contact persons in areas of typhoid fever according to epidemiological indications. According to epidemic indications, vaccinations are carried out when there is a threat of an epidemic or outbreak (natural disasters, major accidents in the water supply and sewerage networks), as well as during an epidemic, while mass immunization of the population is carried out in the threatened area	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
	Persons at occupational risk of infection (doctors, nursing staff, public service workers employed in food industry enterprises, catering organizations, as well as those servicing water supply and sewerage facilities, equipment and networks. Persons traveling to disadvantaged regions and countries where outbreak incidence is recorded. Contacts in hepatitis A outbreaks.	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against shigellosis	Workers of infectious diseases hospitals and bacteriological laboratories. Persons engaged in the field of public catering and municipal improvement. Children attending children's institutions and going to health camps (as indicated). According to epidemic indications, vaccinations are carried out when there is a threat of an epidemic or outbreak (natural disasters, major accidents in the water supply and sewerage networks), as well as during an epidemic, while mass immunization of the population is carried out in the threatened area. Preventive vaccinations are preferably carried out before the seasonal rise in the incidence of shigellosis	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against meningococcal infection	Children, adolescents, adults in outbreaks caused by meningococci of serogroups A or C. Vaccination is carried out in endemic regions, as well as in the event of an epidemic caused by meningococci of serogroups A or C	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against measles	Contact persons from the outbreaks of the disease who have not been sick, not vaccinated and have no information about preventive vaccinations against measles, vaccinated once without age restrictions	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against hepatitis B	Contact persons from the outbreaks of the disease who have not been sick, have not been vaccinated and do not have information about preventive vaccinations against hepatitis B	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against diphtheria	Contact persons from the outbreaks of the disease who have not been sick, have not been vaccinated and do not have information about preventive vaccinations against diphtheria	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
	Contact persons from the foci of the disease who have not been sick, have not been vaccinated and do not have information about preventive vaccinations against mumps	In accordance with the instructions for use of vaccines
Against polio	Contact persons in foci of polio, including those caused by wild poliovirus (or if the disease is suspected), are subject to vaccination:
	children from 3 months to 18 years	One time
	health workers	One time
	Children who arrived from countries (territories) endemic (unfavorable) for polio from 3 months. up to 15 years
	Persons without a fixed place of residence (if identified) from 3 months. up to 15 years	Once (if there is reliable data on previous vaccinations) or three times (if there are none)
	Persons who have been in contact with people arriving from countries (territories) endemic (unaffected) with polio, from 3 months of life without age restrictions	One time
	Persons working with live poliovirus, with materials infected (potentially infected) with wild poliovirus without age restrictions. Immunization against polio according to epidemic indications is carried out with the oral polio vaccine. Indications for immunization of children with oral polio vaccine for epidemic indications are registration of a case of poliomyelitis caused by wild poliovirus, isolation of wild poliovirus in bioassay materials from people or from environmental objects. In these cases, immunization is carried out in accordance with the resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which determines the age of children subject to immunization, the timing, procedure and frequency of its implementation	Once upon hiring

It is allowed to administer inactivated vaccines used within the framework of the preventive vaccination calendar for epidemic indications and the national preventive vaccination calendar on the same day with different syringes in different parts of the body.

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