The trivalent Priorix vaccine, produced in Belgium in the form of a dry lyophilized powder, is a mixture of weakened “live” strains of measles, rubella and mumps viruses. It allows you to protect your child from three contagious viral diseases that are severe and sometimes result in complications. More often these diseases occur in young children. And the rubella virus, which infects a woman in the first trimester of pregnancy, also has a teratogenic effect. That is, it leads to anomalies and malformations of the fetus.
To assess the significance of the Priorix vaccine, it is important to understand what the diseases are that the vaccine is designed to protect the child from.
- (Morbili). The measles virus belongs to the Paramixoviridae family. It spreads through the air and, upon entering the body, multiplies in the lymph nodes. Then it is transferred by blood to the epithelial cells of the skin and respiratory tract (trachea, bronchi). The incubation period is 7-15 days. The rash characteristic of measles begins on the fourth day of illness and lasts one to two weeks. The disease is characterized by intoxication with high fever (up to 40°C). A severe course of the disease can result in complications: pneumonia, encephalitis, hepatitis, lymphadenitis. Measles can also be congenital if the virus is transmitted transplacentally from the mother to the fetus. According to WHO statistics, in 2011, 160 thousand children suffered from measles in different countries, most of them under five years of age.
- (Rubeolla). The virus (Rubella virus) belongs to the family Togaviridae, genus Rubivirus. It is transmitted through the air and is easy to catch. If the virus enters a woman’s body before the birth of a child, it can cause mutations in the cells of the fetal organs, which leads to the development of defects (75-85%). For example, hearts, kidneys. And also to deafness, cataracts, microcephaly. Having become infected from the mother, the child is born with congenital rubella. In European countries, about 87-92% of women are vaccinated against rubella. Infection of a child with the virus after birth leads to the development of acquired rubella. The incubation period of the disease is 14-25 days. The disease is characterized by a small rash that appears on the third to fifth days, continuing to spread throughout the week. Inflammation affects the lymph nodes and skin, causing intoxication and fever.
- (Parotitis epidemica). The disease, which people call “mumps” or “mumps”, is caused by a virus from the genus Rububavirus, family Paramyxoviridae. The virus is easily transmitted through the air and, upon entering the body, multiplies in the cells of the salivary glands. The largest is the parotid gland (Glandula parotidae), its inflammation and enlargement give the name to the disease “mumps.” The incubation period of the disease ranges from 10 to 24 days. The disease is characterized by intoxication and fever. A severe form of the disease sometimes leads to complications: meningitis (10-16%), pancreatitis, deafness. And also to orchitis (inflammation of the testes, 25-30%), which in the future can lead to infertility.
The advantage of the Priorix vaccine is that it provides protection against three viruses at the same time. Can be used for both routine and emergency immunization. The disadvantages of the drug include the fact that it is administered on a paid basis, since it is imported. It is permissible to vaccinate only healthy children after the pediatrician conducts an examination and studies the results of blood and urine tests.
Timing of immunization and how long protection lasts
When is Priorix vaccination done? According to the schedule in the Russian vaccination calendar, one-dose immunization is recommended for a child aged one year. The introduction of antigens stimulates the synthesis of antibodies in 96-99% of children. The same high number of antigens is recorded a year later. Therefore, the age when revaccination with the Priorix vaccine is given is six years. That is, the interval between procedures is five years.
Moreover, in countries with an increased risk of measles, a child is vaccinated at six or nine months. Also, immunization must be carried out in case of traveling abroad, even if the baby is not yet a year old.
How long does the vaccine last? The immune reaction is individual. But on average, the duration of protection can be 10-20 years. Therefore, after revaccination, it is recommended to re-administer the vaccine according to the schedule: once every ten years. In addition, girls are injected with the drug at the age of 13 if:
- the girl has not been vaccinated previously;
- was vaccinated previously, but with monovalent or bivalent drugs.
Components and use of the Priorix vaccine
The instructions for the drug "Priorix" provide a detailed explanation of the components of the vaccine. Thus, the composition includes weakened strains of viruses:
- measles - Schwarz;
- rubella - Wistar RA 27/3;
- mumps - RIT 4385 / Jeryl Lynn.
It also contains additional substances: the antibiotic neomycin (to prevent the proliferation of bacteria), a mixture of amino acids and carbohydrates, and chicken protein.
One Priorix package contains a bottle of lyophilized antigen powder, an ampoule of water and a syringe with a needle. One dose of the drug (0.5 ml of the finished suspension) is administered intramuscularly into the thigh or shoulder.
The drug is used with other vaccines specified in the vaccination calendar. This does not affect the effect and does not increase the number of negative side effects. For example, the drug is combined with DTP and ADS vaccines, against polio, Haemophilus influenzae and hepatitis B. (An important condition remains the administration of drugs to various areas of the shoulder or hip). The exceptions are BCG and “live” vaccines. Priorix is also recommended for revaccination if the primary vaccination was done with another drug.
After vaccination with Priorix against measles, rubella and mumps, the child can be bathed and the injection site can be wetted. But you need to control so that the baby does not scratch the vaccination area and introduce an infection.
Post-vaccination period
Priorix vaccination is well tolerated by most patients. Side effects from the Priorix vaccine are minor, for example:
- redness or swelling at the injection site;
- compaction of the injection site;
- pain at the injection site;
- irritability;
- drowsiness and lethargy;
- low-grade fever (37.3-37.7°C).
Rarely, there are more unpleasant consequences of vaccination, when a reaction to the vaccine leads to general problems with the baby’s health. Complications after Priorix in a child may be as follows:
- increased temperature (38-39.5°C) a few days after the procedure;
- rashes (0.1-0.2%);
- inflammation of the salivary glands;
- enlarged lymph nodes (0.01-0.02%);
- inflammation of the mucous membrane of the throat (cough) or nose (rhinitis) (0.1%);
- conjunctivitis;
- arthritis.
Usually, the side effects of the drug do not require special treatment. After two to four days they go away on their own. To reduce a high temperature, you can give an antipyretic, and to reduce the effect of the component that causes an allergic reaction, antihistamines are used. If the child's reaction alarms the parents, it is necessary to consult a pediatrician.
Contraindications
Vaccination with Priorix is contraindicated in the following conditions:
- acute infections;
- allergic reactions to the initial injection of the drug;
- increased reaction to the antibiotic "neomycin";
- immunodeficiency states;
- allergy to chicken protein (contained in the vaccine in small quantities).
What can be replaced
Domestic and imported analogue vaccines are divided into monovalent, bivalent and trivalent.
Monovalent
They contain only one antigen component against one virus that causes an infectious disease. Among those approved for use in the Russian Federation:
- “Measles cultural live vaccine”- Russia;
- Measles vaccine "Ruvax"- France;
- "Vaccine against rubella cultured live"- Russia;
- “Mumps cultural live vaccine”- Russia;
- Rubella vaccine "Ervevax"- Belgium;
- Vaccine against rubella "Rudivax"- France.
Bivalent and trivalent
Duvalent drugs include two components of antigens against two viruses that cause disease. An example is the Russian “Mumps-measles cultural live vaccine”.
As for three-component vaccines, in addition to Priorix, in the Russian Federation children are simultaneously vaccinated against measles, rubella and mumps with another drug. This is an MMR-II made in the USA.
Advantages of the drug
Reviews about the Priorix vaccine can be found both positive and negative. Nevertheless, parents and doctors write that, compared to free domestic analogues, there are significantly fewer side effects and complications from a foreign drug, because it is better purified from impurities. In addition, the imported Priorix vaccine is a three-valent one, which allows you to reduce the number of “injections” without harming the child physically and psychologically.
As you know, timely vaccination is necessary to develop especially strong immunity. The Priorix vaccination complies with the World Health Organization standards for the production of live combination vaccines. Clinical trials conducted at the manufacturer (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals s.a., Belgium) have proven the high effectiveness of the drug. The composition and methods of vaccination can be found in the instructions.
Instructions for medical use of the drug
The Priorix vaccine stimulates the immune system, thereby activating the body’s defense against three of the most dangerous diseases.
Measles- a contagious viral disease.
Symptoms:
- temperature increase,
- difficulty breathing due to swelling of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract,
- lacrimation as a result of inflammation of the conjunctiva,
- a maculopapular rash that appears in stages on the 3rd day,
- whitish spots on the oral mucosa.
Rubella- a disease that occurs in two forms: acquired and congenital. Acquired rubella is characterized by airborne transmission of infection, while congenital rubella is transmitted through the placenta.
Manifestations:
- body temperature up to 38C,
- lymph nodes enlarge, mainly occipital,
- dry night cough,
- the rash appears after 48 hours,
- fever, joint pain.
Parotitis- acute infectious process. Most often, children, mainly boys, suffer from mumps, and boys have a high risk of developing complications with an unfavorable outcome.
Symptoms:
- muscle and joint pain;
- enlargement and pain of the salivary glands;
- thirst;
- insomnia;
- headaches, fever.
Compound
The main substances are live but weakened viral strains of mumps, measles and rubella.
Pure cultures of microorganisms are cultivated separately in chicken embryo cell cultures (measles, mumps) and in human diploid cells (rubella).
Auxiliary ingredients:
- neomycin sulfate;
- lactose;
- mannitol;
- sorbitol;
- amino acids.
How to prepare the solution
The drug is supplied in packages containing a bottle of white or light pink powder. Before use, the powder should be diluted with a solvent of 0.5 ml per 1 dose. The solvent in the ampoules is a clear liquid, odorless and impurity-free. Before use, the bottle is shaken until a homogeneous solution is formed, but the dissolution time should not exceed 60 seconds.
The vaccine is administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly, having previously treated the injection site, and under no circumstances intravenously!
For children under three years of age, it is optimal to inject the drug into the outer surface of the thigh, and for older children, into the deltoid muscle of the shoulder. When treating the injection site with alcohol, you should wait time for it to evaporate from the surface of the skin, otherwise the attenuated virus in the vaccine will be inactivated.
If the package is designed for several doses of vaccinations, then each new intake of the prepared drug is carried out with a new sterile needle. The prepared solution can only be stored in the refrigerator and for no more than 8 hours.
The Priorix vaccine can be administered on the same day with DPT and DPT vaccines, live and inactivated polio vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, provided that the drugs are injected with different syringes into different parts of the body.
All other vaccines are prescribed no earlier than a month later.
Preparing for vaccination
Having previously consulted with a specialist, it is possible to take antihistamines 3 days before, on the day of vaccination and 3 days after it.
Feed the baby and let him rest.
You need to avoid contact with sick people, you need to be very careful, sometimes the course can be asymptomatic.
Monitor your child's bowel movements; constipation can cause adverse consequences.
What should the doctor know before performing the procedure?
- Is a tuberculin test planned, since Priorix may affect the results;
- Does the patient have allergic reactions to any ingredient included in the drug;
- Has the patient received a blood or plasma transfusion within the last 3 months?
- Do you have severe infectious diseases with high fever;
- Have you been vaccinated in the past month?
- Is the patient taking any medications?
- Have any adverse reactions been observed during other vaccinations?
When is vaccination carried out?
Before getting vaccinated, you must notify the doctor about the current treatment and warn you about taking any medications (biological supplements, vitamins, herbal preparations, etc.).
Based on the data from the official vaccination calendar of the Russian Federation, Priorix is administered at the age of:
- first vaccination - at 1 year; Not earlier than 12 months, since the child’s body cannot yet adequately perceive new antibodies, since he still has antibodies passed on to him from his mother.
- second - 6 years; The double administration of the drug at such an early age is due to the fact that immunity is not always formed from the first arrival of the virus strain. In addition, girls who have reached the age of 13, but have not been vaccinated against rubella or have received an insufficient dose, need to be revaccinated.
- subsequent - 16 years, adolescence;
- 25 - 26 years old;
- Then vaccination should be carried out every 10 years.
If your child misses one of the scheduled procedures, you should immediately consult a doctor and get vaccinated as soon as possible.
This drug can be used if there is no immunity to the above diseases, if contact with an infected person occurred no later than 72 hours ago.
Contraindications to vaccination
Any drug has contraindications, unfortunately, Priorix, a medicinal vaccine, is no exception.
The procedure should be postponed if:
- hypersensitivity to any component of the drug;
- HIV. However, in the case of asymptomatic HIV infection, the use of the drug is possible (an analysis to determine the level of CD4+ lymphocytes is required).
- elevated temperature;
- pregnancy. The exception is a pregnant and lactating woman who is at risk of infection. If pregnancy is planned, immunization is carried out 3 months before conception. When breastfeeding
- people with a family history of allergic reactions and convulsive syndromes need to be monitored after vaccination.
Before making a decision about vaccination, you must consult a specialist!
Side effects
Based on the results of clinical studies and as the drug was used in practice, some side effects and complications were identified that should not be confused with each other.
If, after the administration of this vaccine, any worsening of the condition is detected, you should immediately consult a doctor. If the temperature rises, given that such a single symptom is not a cause for concern, since this is the body’s reaction to the introduction of foreign antibodies, you should also inform your doctor about it.
Characteristic changes can begin as early as day 3 or last up to 2 weeks.
There are a number of complications that have been identified over a certain period of time when exposed to this medicine (allergies, shock, various changes in the nervous and circulatory systems).
You should not panic at the slightest changes in the body, but you should not ignore this symptom.
If you experience any of the above symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor!
You need to be careful and know that an increase in temperature in a child, in the absence of other clinical manifestations, is not a side effect. This is evidence that the child’s immunity is actively working to protect the body, because foreign proteins have entered the body. After a few days, your body temperature will return.
In clinical practice, cases of overdose have not been described.
Benefits of this vaccine
- the fastest possible result;
- good tolerability of the drug;
- one three-component injection;
- quality;
- use of the drug for emergency vaccination;
- formation of active acquired immunity.
The Priorix polyvalent vaccine is very effective; it allows you to activate immunity against three infections in one manipulation. For many years, this drug has been used in Europe and has excellent reviews from both patients and doctors.
The high effectiveness of the drug "Priorix" has been proven by clinical trials. Antibodies to viruses: rubella, measles and mumps were detected in more than 95% of all patients. A year after vaccination, the protective titer of antibodies to these viruses remained in all of those previously vaccinated. I would like to emphasize that in order to avoid serious complications of these diseases, experts recommend vaccination on time.
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Priorixis an imported vaccine against measles, rubella and mumps. Manufacturer - GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals s. a., Belgium. The vaccine is proven to be highly effective: antibodies against measles are detected in 98% of those vaccinated, against rubella in 99% and against mumps in 96%. Priorix fully complies with WHO requirements for the production of biological products.
National vaccination calendar 2017
The national immunization schedule provides for the first vaccination of a child against measles, rubella and mumps when the child reaches 12 months.
Revaccination is done at 6 years of age.
Thus, before the child reaches adulthood, he will only have to be vaccinated twice with Priorix or a similar vaccine.
Why vaccinate your child against measles?
Measles is one of the most dangerous “childhood” diseases. Firstly, it is extremely contagious: the chances of getting sick after contact with someone with measles are close to 100%. A decrease in the percentage of vaccinated children, even by a small amount, immediately results in a surge in the incidence of measles. Already in the 2000s, epidemics were recorded in such prosperous countries as Ireland and the USA: the reasons were the availability of air travel and refusals to vaccinate. Secondly, measles has a high mortality rate (although not as high as tetanus and diphtheria), and children under 5 years of age are especially susceptible to it. Measles still has no specific treatment - only symptomatic treatment. In addition, it causes severe complications on the respiratory system, including bronchitis and pneumonia, and can also lead to partial loss of hearing or vision in the child.
Why vaccinate your child against rubella?
It is known that rubella is most dangerous for pregnant women, since it has an extremely negative effect on the fetus: more than half of newborns experience deafness, and blindness and heart disease are also common. Therefore, the advisability of rubella vaccination for women planning pregnancy seems to be beyond doubt. However, parents often ask the question: why vaccinate a one-year-old girl or, especially, a boy against rubella? After all, it is known that in most cases rubella is quite mild?
As in the case of mumps, the most well-known complication among the people is far from the only one and, alas, not even the most terrible. Progressive rubella panencephalitis, a rare but terrible complication, most often affects boys aged 8 to 19 years. With this complication, a person’s intellect gradually fades and motor functions die off, and it ends with dementia and death. Other complications from rubella that do not discriminate by gender include arthritis, pneumonia and hepatitis.
Why vaccinate your child against mumps?
Mumps (mumps) is not a deadly disease, but can lead to extremely unfavorable complications. It gained fame due to the fact that it is a fairly common cause of infertility in men, which develops as a result of orchitis - inflammation of the testicles. The fact is that the mumps virus affects glandular tissue and is not limited to the postauricular salivary glands (although they are, indeed, usually affected first), but can develop in the tissues of the thyroid gland, pancreas, testicles in boys or ovaries in girls.
Two of the most common myths about the vaccine against it are associated with this feature of mumps. First: the vaccine causes infertility in boys. Of course, this is not true. When grafting, testicular tissue is not affected. Second: there is no point in vaccinating boys before puberty. And this is not so - infertility is caused not by low-quality sperm, but by atrophy of testicular tissue, which, unfortunately, does not depend on age. And high-quality immunity is formed after revaccination, and you may simply not have time to vaccinate your child before he gets sick.
The second question, no less frequent: if mumps is dangerous only for boys, why vaccinate girls? Just for the sake of the notorious population immunity? Of course not. The fact is that, in addition to orchitis, partotitis can cause pancreatitis, and this is lifelong, because the pancreas tissue is not restored; as well as encephalitis and meningoencephalitis - the most dangerous types of brain inflammation. Not very often, but it still happens that the experience of mumps ends in deafness.
Analogues of Priorix
The domestic vaccine is two-component - you will have to get a separate vaccination for measles. Of the imported ones, the most commonly used analogue of Priorix is the American MMR II. They are very similar to Priorix; MMR II is considered more effective for the formation of immunity, but also more reactogenic. In any case, the choice is up to the parents.
How is Priorix injected?
Priorix is administered intramuscularly. The volume of the vaccine is 0.5 ml. It is allowed to vaccinate with Priorix on the same day with a vaccine against whooping cough, tetanus and diphtheria (for example, Infanrix), as well as with vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae infections, polio and hepatitis B. In this case, different vaccines should be given with different syringes and in different parts of the body.
Possible side effects of Priorix
The specificity of the vaccine against measles, rubella and mumps is that it gives two waves of reaction: the first - within 24 hours after vaccination and the second - approximately 9-10 days after it. The child's condition should be carefully monitored during these periods of time.
In 60% of cases, Priorix vaccination is tolerated by the child without any consequences.
In the remaining cases, the most common occurrence is a rise in temperature, which accompanies the body's production of protective antibodies. Runny nose, cough, hives, pain and swelling at the injection site are also common.
Less common consequences of vaccination are upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, bronchitis, nervousness, insomnia, conjunctivitis, febrile convulsions.
If any symptoms last longer than two days, you should consult a doctor.
How to prepare for the Priorix vaccination
To properly prepare for vaccination, you should protect your child from possible consequences. Firstly, for several days before and after vaccination you should not visit crowded places or contact people who are known to be sick (if you have to, reschedule the vaccination). Secondly, carefully monitor possible manifestations of ARVI in the child: he must be completely healthy. You should also not vaccinate if your child is actively teething.
It is necessary to eat light, healthy foods, do not overindulge in sweets and allergens, and drink more clean water. You should not introduce new complementary foods on the day of vaccination.
The child’s room, or better yet the entire apartment, should be well ventilated. The humidity level in the room should be maintained at least 65%.
You can give your child an antihistamine, such as Zyrtec, for several days before and after the vaccination.
Contraindications to vaccination with Priorix
If a child has previously been vaccinated against measles, rubella and mumps, and has experienced allergic manifestations after vaccination, this is grounds for medical withdrawal. You should also not vaccinate if your child is allergic to chicken protein.
If a child has experienced a significant deterioration in health after the last vaccination, or has had a high temperature for a long time, this is also a contraindication.
The third important absolute contraindication is immunodeficiency diseases, for example, HIV, tuberculosis, and cancer. True, the instructions allow vaccination of persons with asymptomatic HIV infection or AIDS.
These are three absolute contraindications against vaccination. Temporary contraindications are also possible - acute illnesses, poor health, complicated neurological status. Therefore, specialists - a neurologist and a pediatrician - must confirm the child’s readiness for vaccination.
MMRII Vaccine for the prevention of measles, rubella and mumps, Merck Sharp & Dohme (USA/Netherlands), live- 2250 rub.
Mandatory examination before vaccination- 1400 rub.
Such drugs are manufactured using improved technology, they are easier to tolerate and are quite effective. For example, the Priorix vaccine has good reviews.
Country of origin and release forms
Priorix production is concentrated in Belgium. The drug is produced by the well-known pharmaceutical organization GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. The product stimulates the production of antibodies to mumps, rubella and measles viruses.
Priorix vaccine
The vaccine is created in the form of a lyophilisate for the preparation of an injection solution. The powder is packaged in a glass bottle. The kit includes a syringe with a special solvent. Before use, both components are mixed. The result is a clear liquid.
High-quality material should not have any inclusions.
What does it contain?
Priorix contains viral strains of pathogens of dangerous diseases. They promote the production of antibodies. The composition also contains additional components.
The main elements of Priorix:
- attenuated measles virus strain Schwarz;
- weakened mumps pathogen strain Jeryl Lynn;
- attenuated rubella virus variant strain Wistar RA 27/3.
Among the excipients in the Belgian vaccine there are:
- amino acids;
- sorbitol;
- lactose;
- mannitol;
- distilled water.
The preparation does not contain merthiolate, antibiotics, aluminum salts or other harmful substances.
Live or inactivated?
All vaccines are divided into live and inactivated. Priorix belongs to the latter option. The product contains attenuated viral strains. Therefore, the drug is easily tolerated and is not capable of causing the development of vaccine-associated rubella, mumps and measles pathologies.
What are children and adults vaccinated against?
Priorix is injected into children and adults to protect against three viral pathologies:, and. These diseases are not fatal, but they can lead to irreversible changes in the functioning of internal organs and systems.
Mumps is characterized by inflammation of the glandular organs: salivary glands, pancreas, testes. The virus can also infect the nervous system.
Most often, three-year-old children and adolescents are susceptible to this disease. The pathology poses a danger to males: young men who have had mumps often become infertile. Measles is an acute infectious disease. Characterized by severe hyperthermia, sore throat, cough, symptoms of severe intoxication and a rash over the body.
In weakened individuals, measles can provoke the development of severe complications in the form of tracheobronchitis, encephalitis, sclerosing panencephalitis, lymphadenitis, etc. Measles can also lead to disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system.
Rubella is an acute viral disease. It manifests itself as a characteristic rash and high fever. The pathology is not considered dangerous. But if a pregnant woman experiences rubella, her baby may be born with serious birth defects.
At what age are they vaccinated against measles, rubella and mumps: schedule of vaccination and revaccination
It is prohibited to inject the Belgian vaccine in the following cases:
- hyperthermia;
- intolerance to components;
- pregnancy;
- severe immunodeficiency;
- development of severe reactions to the previous dose of Priorix;
- signs of a cold;
- infectious and non-infectious diseases.
Some parents are interested in whether it is possible to be vaccinated with Priorix if there is an unvaccinated child in the family. Doctors and the manufacturer do not establish such prohibitions.
The Belgian drug is inactivated and after immunoprophylaxis a person does not become infectious to others.
Can I get the vaccine if I have an egg allergy?
If you are hypersensitive to chicken eggs, it is not recommended to inject Priorix. But this only applies to the development of severe allergic reactions to this ingredient in the past in the form of anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema. The vaccine is obtained using eggs. Therefore, individuals with intolerance to such an ingredient have a high risk of allergies.
How is the MMR vaccine tolerated: normal reaction and side effects
CPC, according to reviews from patients and doctors, is tolerated normally in most cases. After the introduction of antigenic material, the immune system begins to activate and produce antibodies to destroy the weakened virus. This process in susceptible individuals is accompanied by certain changes in well-being.
A normal reaction to Priorix is:
- loss of appetite;
- light;
- sleep disturbance;
- nausea;
- stool disorder;
- redness of the injection site, formation of edema, compaction;
- increased nervous excitability;
- moodiness;
- lethargy;
- slight enlargement of lymph nodes and salivary glands.
When vaccinated with Priorix, the following adverse reactions sometimes occur:
- otitis media;
- bronchitis;
- anaphylaxis, Quincke's edema;
- abscess at the puncture site;
- seizures;
- conjunctivitis;
- arthritis;
- thrombocytopenic purpura;
- arthralgia;
- erythema multiforme;
- encephalitis;
- toxic shock.
There are reviews on the Internet in which parents complain that after vaccination their child developed autism. Parents usually associate this illness with, although there is no recorded data on such episodes. Many people are afraid to use Priorix.
There is an assumption that autism is caused by the preservative merthiolate. This substance is not present in the Belgian vaccine. Therefore, concerns that Priorix or any other vaccine will cause developmental delays are groundless.
Is it possible to walk and swim after vaccination?
To avoid the development of post-vaccination complications, doctors recommend adhering to a number of restrictions for some time after vaccination. The list of prohibitions includes swimming and walking.
You should not wash because you can wet the puncture site and introduce an infection into the wound that has not yet healed. This can lead to inflammation and improper development of the immune system. Also, after PDA, the temperature often rises.
If you swim during hyperthermia, the likelihood of catching a cold increases. Doctors explain the ban on walking by the fact that the protective forces weaken after vaccination, and the baby can become infected with an infectious or viral pathology.
In this case, the disease will be especially difficult. But the child needs to be in the fresh air. Therefore, doctors recommend walks in a forest plantation, a garden, where there are few people.
Price at the pharmacy, expiration date and storage conditions
You can purchase Priorix for vaccination in pharmacies across the country. The cost of the drug varies from 300 to 330 rubles.The medicine is dispensed with a prescription from a doctor. When purchasing a vaccination, you should pay attention to the expiration date. The Belgian vaccine must be used within two years from the date of its release.
Shelf life largely depends on storage conditions. If the temperature regime and optimal humidity level are violated, Priorix can quickly deteriorate.
The bottle with lyophilisate should be stored in the refrigerator, where the temperature is within +2-8 degrees. A syringe with a solvent can be kept in a room where the thermometer shows from +2 to +25. Freezing Priorix is prohibited.
Imported and Russian analogues of the drug Priorix
It happens that Priorix is not suitable or is not available in pharmacies across the country. If the deadline for vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella is approaching, you should take care of purchasing an analogue of the Belgian drug.
Complete substitutes for Priorix are:
- (USA);
- Live cultural vaccination against measles, rubella and mumps (Russia).
Analogues of Priorix in action:
- ZhPV (Russia);
- ZhKV (Russia);
- Rouvax (France).
Video on the topic
Thus, Priorix is a vaccine from the Belgian organization GlaxoSmithkline Biologicals. The vaccine does not contain harmful components and is inactivated. It is well tolerated by children and adults. Adverse reactions occur extremely rarely and are often provoked by poor preparation, violation of the drug administration technique and non-compliance with medical recommendations in the period after vaccination.
Dosage form
Lyophilisate for the preparation of solution for injection complete with solvent, 0.5 ml/dose
Compound
1 dose (0.5 ml) contains
Lyophilisate
active substances: live attenuated measles virus (Schwarz strain) - no less than 103.0 CPD501;
live attenuated mumps virus (strain RIT 4385) - no less than 103.7 CPD501;
live attenuated rubella virus (strain Wistar RA 27/3) – not less than 103.0 CPD501
1 CPP - cytopathogenic effect
excipients: lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, amino acids.
Contains residual neomycin sulfate (not more than 25 mcg).
Solvent
Water for injection 0.5 ml
Description
Lyophilisate: homogeneous porous mass from whitish to slightly pink.
Solvent: transparent, colorless liquid, odorless, free from visible impurities.
After dilution with a solvent: the solution is light peach to reddish pink in color.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Measles vaccines. Measles virus in combination with mumps and rubella viruses - live, weakened.
ATX code J07BD52
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacokinetics
Vaccines do not require pharmacokinetic evaluation.
Pharmacodynamics
Live combined attenuated vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella. Attenuated vaccine strains of measles virus (Schwarz), mumps (RIT4385, derivatives of Jeryl Lynn) and rubella (Wistar RA 27/3) are cultivated separately in chicken embryo cell culture (mumps and measles viruses) and human diploid cells MRC-5 (rubella virus ).
Priorix meets the World Health Organization's requirements for the production of biological products, the requirements for vaccines against measles, mumps, rubella and live combination vaccines.
Immunogenicity
Immune response in children 12 months and older
Clinical studies have shown the high immunogenicity of the Priorix vaccine in children aged 12 months to 2 years.
Vaccination with a single dose of the Priorix vaccine caused the formation of antibodies to the causative agent of measles in 98.1%, to the causative agent of mumps in 94.4%, and to the causative agent of rubella in 100% of previously seronegative vaccinated individuals.
Two years after primary vaccination, seroconversion rates were 93.4% for measles, 94.4% for mumps, and 100% for rubella.
Although there is no available data regarding the preventive efficacy of the Priorix vaccine, immunogenicity is recognized as an indicator of preventive effectiveness. However, some real-world studies have reported that efficacy against mumps may be lower than the observed seroconversion rate against mumps.
Immune response in children aged 9 to 10 months
The clinical study involved 300 healthy children aged 9 to 10 months at the time of the first dose of the vaccine. Of these, 147 participants received Priorix and Varilrix® vaccines simultaneously. Seroconversion rates for measles, mumps, and rubella were 92.6%, 91.5%, and 100%, respectively. Seroconversion rates reported after the second dose, 3 months after the first dose, were 100% for measles, 99.2% for mumps, and 100% for rubella. Therefore, to ensure an optimal immune response, the second dose of Priorix vaccine should be administered within three months of the first.
Teens and adults
The safety and immunogenicity of the Priorix vaccine have not been studied directly in adolescents and adults in clinical studies.
Intramuscular route of administration
In clinical studies, Priorix was administered intramuscularly to a limited number of participants. Seroconversion rates for the three components were comparable to those observed after subcutaneous administration.
Indications for use
The Priorix vaccine is indicated for active immunization of children aged 9 months and older, adolescents and adults for the prevention of measles, mumps and rubella.
Directions for use and doses
Priorix is administered subcutaneously in a dose of 0.5 ml, but can also be used as intramuscular injection.
In patients with thrombocytopenia or any other bleeding disorder, the vaccine is preferably administered subcutaneously.
Official recommendations must be followed during immunization with Priorix. The vaccination schedule is approved in accordance with the National Vaccination Calendar of the Republic of Kazakhstan, according to which children are vaccinated as follows: primary vaccination - at the age of 12-15 months and revaccination - at 6 years.
Children aged 9 to 12 months
The immune response to the active substances of vaccines in children of the first year of life may be insufficient. In the event that an epidemiological situation requires vaccination of children in the first year of life, such as, for example, an epidemic or travel to endemic regions, the second dose of Priorix vaccine should be administered in the second year of life, preferably within three months after the first dose. Under no circumstances should the interval between doses be less than four weeks.
Children under 9 months
The safety and effectiveness of Priorix vaccine in children younger than 9 months of age have not been established.
Instructions for use
Before use, the solvent and dissolved lyophilisate must be visually assessed for the presence of foreign particles, if detected, the vaccine cannot be used.
The lyophilized powder must be dissolved with the solvent included in the kit by introducing the solvent into the bottle with the lyophilisate.
The resulting mixture is shaken until the lyophilized powder is completely dissolved.
Due to slight changes in pH, the color of the reconstituted vaccine may vary from light peach to reddish pink, which does not affect the quality of the vaccine.
A new needle should be used to administer the vaccine.
The resulting solution should be administered completely.
Priorix is not administered intravenously under any circumstances!
The prepared vaccine should be used, if possible, immediately after dilution; the maximum shelf life of the reconstituted vaccine is 8 hours if stored in the refrigerator (at a temperature of +2 ºС to +8 ºС).
Any unused vaccine or waste must be disposed of in accordance with local biohazardous materials requirements.
Side effects
Security Profile at a Glance
The safety profile presented below is based generally on data obtained from approximately 12,000 individuals who received Priorix vaccine in clinical studies.
Adverse reactions that may occur following administration of the combination measles, mumps and rubella vaccine are consistent with those observed following administration of monovalent vaccines alone or in combination.
In controlled clinical studies, signs and symptoms were actively monitored over a 42-day follow-up period. Vaccinated individuals were also asked to report all clinical events during the study period.
The most common adverse reactions after administration of the Priorix vaccine were redness at the injection site and an increase in body temperature of ³ 38 ºC (rectal temperature) or ³ 37.5 ºC (armpit/oral temperature).
List of adverse reactions
Reported adverse reactions are listed according to the following frequency of occurrence:
Very often (³ 1/10)
Often (³ 1/100 and< 1/10)
Uncommon (³ 1/1000 to< 1/100)
Rarely (³ 1/10000 to< 1/1000)
Data obtained from clinical studies
Common: upper respiratory tract infection
Uncommon: otitis media
Blood and lymphatic system disorders:
Uncommon: lymphadenopathy
Rare: allergic reactions
Metabolic and nutritional disorders:
Uncommon: anorexia
Mental disorders:
Uncommon: nervousness, abnormal crying, insomnia
Rare: febrile seizures
Visual disorders:
Uncommon: conjunctivitis
Disorders of the respiratory system, chest and mediastinal organs:
Uncommon: bronchitis, cough
Gastrointestinal disorders:
Uncommon: enlarged parotid glands, diarrhea, vomiting
Common: rash
General disorders and disorders at the injection site:
Very common: redness at the injection site, increased body temperature ³ 38 ºC (rectal temperature) or ³ 37.5 ºC (armpit/oral temperature)
Common: pain and swelling at the injection site, increased body temperature > 39.5 ºC (rectal temperature) or > 39 ºC (armpit/oral temperature)
Overall, the incidence categories for adverse reactions were similar after the first and second doses of the vaccine. The exception to this rule was injection site pain, which occurred “often” after the first dose of vaccine and “very often” after the second dose of vaccine.
Data obtained from post-registration use
During post-registration surveillance, the following adverse reactions were identified in rare cases. Because data were obtained from voluntary reports from a population of unknown size, reliable estimates of incidence cannot be provided.
Meningitis, morbilliform syndrome, mumps syndrome (including orchitis, epididymitis and mumps)
Blood and lymphatic system disorders: Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura
Immune system disorders:
Anaphylactic reactions
Nervous system disorders:
Encephalitis*, cerebellitis, cerebellitis-like symptoms (including transient gait disturbance and transient ataxia), Guillain-Barré syndrome, transverse myelitis, peripheral neuritis
Vascular disorders
Vasculitis
Disorders of the skin and subcutaneous tissues:
Erythema multiforme
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders:
Arthralgia, arthritis
*Encephalitis has been reported at an incidence of less than 1 case per 10 million doses. The risk of developing encephalitis after receiving the vaccine is much lower than the risk of encephalitis caused by naturally occurring diseases (measles: 1 case of encephalitis in 1000–2000 cases; mumps: 2–4 cases in 1000; rubella: approximately 1 case in 6000).
If accidentally injected into blood vessels, severe reactions or even shock may develop. Immediate action depends on the severity of the reaction.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to neomycin or to any other component of the vaccine and chicken protein. Contact dermatitis to neomycin is not a contraindication
Hypersensitivity reactions to previous administration of vaccines containing measles, mumps and/or rubella components
Severe humoral or cellular immunodeficiency (primary or secondary), incl. manifest HIV infection
Pregnancy; women should be protected from pregnancy for 1 month after vaccination
Acute infectious diseases, exacerbation of chronic diseases
Increased body temperature above 37 ºС.
Drug interactions
If a tuberculin test is necessary, it should be performed either before vaccination or simultaneously with the administration of the vaccine, since it has been reported that the combined measles, rubella, mumps vaccine may cause a temporary decrease in the sensitivity of the skin to tuberculin. Since the duration of desensitization can last up to a maximum of 6 weeks, a tuberculin test should not be performed during this period of time after vaccination to avoid obtaining a false negative result.
Priorix can be administered simultaneously, using different syringes to different areas of the body, with any of the following monovalent or combination vaccines [including hexavalent vaccines (DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib)]: diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTaP and DTaP), Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib), inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), oral polio vaccine (OPV), hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), hepatitis A vaccine (HAV), meningococcal conjugate vaccine serotype C (MenC), varicella zoster vaccine (VZV) and 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, in accordance with national recommendations.
If Priorix is not administered simultaneously with other live attenuated vaccines, the interval between vaccinations should be at least one month.
In persons who have received human gamma immunoglobulin or blood transfusion, vaccination should be delayed for a period of at least three months and no more than 11 months, due to the potential for ineffectiveness resulting from exposure to passively administered antibodies to measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine viruses.
Priorix may be used as a booster dose in patients previously vaccinated with another combination measles, mumps and rubella vaccine.
Priorix cannot be mixed with other vaccines in the same syringe.
special instructions
Priorix vaccination should be delayed in persons suffering from acute febrile illness. Mild infection is not a contraindication for vaccination.
After or even before any vaccination, especially in adolescents, it is possible to develop a fainting state as a psychological reaction to the injection route of administration of the drug. It may be accompanied by some neurological signs such as transient visual disturbances, paresthesias and tonic-clonic movements of the limbs during recovery of consciousness. It is important that the location of the procedure allows you to avoid possible damage if you faint.
It is necessary to wait until alcohol or other disinfectants have completely evaporated from the surface of the skin before injection, as they may inactivate the viruses in this vaccine.
Limited protection against measles can be achieved by vaccination within up to 72 hours of exposure to someone with measles.
Vaccination of children under 12 months of age may not be effective enough for the measles component due to the possible retention of maternal antibodies.
As with other injectable vaccines, appropriate medical care and monitoring should be in place for rare anaphylactic reactions following vaccine administration. Vaccination sites must be provided with anti-shock therapy.
The measles and mumps components of the vaccine, isolated from tissue cultures of chicken embryos, contain egg white. Patients with a history of anaphylactic, anaphylactoid or other reactions (for example, generalized urticaria, swelling of the larynx and oral area, difficulty breathing, hypotension, shock) to chicken protein are at risk of experiencing an immediate hypersensitivity reaction after vaccination. In this regard, in patients with known hypersensitivity to chicken protein, vaccination should be carried out with extreme caution, with a full set of anti-shock therapy available in case of an allergic reaction.
Priorix should be used with caution in persons with a history of allergic and convulsive reactions in themselves or family members.
Priorix should not be administered intravenously under any circumstances.
As with other vaccines, an adequate response to vaccination may not be achieved in all vaccine recipients.
Patients with hereditary fructose intolerance should not be vaccinated with Priorix vaccine because it contains sorbitol.
Thrombocytopenia
When vaccinating with live vaccines for the prevention of measles, rubella and mumps in patients with thrombocytopenia after the first dose, cases of worsening thrombocytopenia and cases of relapse of thrombocytopenia were observed. Thrombocytopenia associated with the administration of the measles, rubella, and mumps vaccine is rare and usually self-limiting. In patients with thrombocytopenia or a history of thrombocytopenia after vaccination for the prevention of measles, rubella and mumps, the benefit/risk ratio of using the Priorix vaccine should be carefully assessed. Such patients should be vaccinated with caution and the vaccine should preferably be administered subcutaneously.
Pimmunocompromised patients
Vaccination may be considered in patients with selected immunodeficiencies if the benefits outweigh the risks (eg, patients with asymptomatic HIV infection, IgG subclass deficiency, congenital neutropenia, chronic granulomatosis, and complement deficiency diseases).
Immunocompromised patients who have no contraindications to this vaccine may respond less well to the vaccine than immunocompetent individuals, and some may develop measles, mumps, or rubella if exposed despite receiving the vaccine. These patients should be closely monitored for signs of measles, mumps, and rubella.
Transmission of infectious disease agents
There have been no documented cases of transmission of measles and mumps viruses from vaccinated individuals to susceptible contacts. Rubella and measles viruses are known to be isolated from the pharynx within 7–28 days after vaccination; in this case, maximum release is observed approximately on the 11th day. However, there is no evidence of transmission of these isolated viruses contained in the vaccine to susceptible contacts. There have been documented cases of transmission of the rubella virus to children through breast milk, as well as through the placenta, without any clinical signs of the disease.
Fertility
No data.
Pregnancy
The use of the Priorix vaccine is contraindicated in pregnant women.
However, there have been no reports of fetal harm when MMR vaccination was given during pregnancy.
Even if a theoretical risk cannot be excluded, no cases of congenital rubella syndrome have been reported in more than 3,500 vaccinated women who were early pregnant and unaware at the time of rubella vaccination. Thus, accidental vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella in women who were unaware of their pregnancy at the time of vaccination should not be a reason to terminate the pregnancy.
Contraceptive methods must be used to avoid pregnancy for 1 month after vaccination.
Lactatsand I
Experience with the use of the Priorix vaccine in breastfeeding women is limited. Studies have shown that postpartum breastfeeding women vaccinated with live attenuated rubella vaccines can shed the virus in their breast milk and transmit it to their breastfed infants without the latter developing any symptoms of the disease. Only if the child is confirmed or suspected to have immunodeficiency should the risks and benefits of maternal vaccination be assessed
Features of the effect of the drug on the ability to drive vehicles and other mechanisms and other potentially dangerous mechanisms
The effect of the vaccine on the ability to drive a car and use machinery is unlikely.
By prescription (only for specialized institutions)
Manufacturer
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals s.a., Belgium
(Rue de l'Institut 89, 1330 Rixensart, Belgium)