The mycelium of a pathogenic fungus in humans is often not immediately noticed. Spores first elongate, take the form of a tube. Over time, they become thinner and turn into hyphae. Already from the mycelium, pathogenic fungi appear. Their cells are covered with a wall of carbohydrates. It determines the species affiliation.
The danger of the mycelium of a pathogenic fungus lies in resistance to various physical and chemical influences. Sometimes a course of serious treatment is required to permanently cure the disease. The most sensitive to therapeutic effects are microspores, and the least sensitive are candida.
Infection is carried out in two main ways:
- Straight. It is characteristic of human interaction with the earth, plants, sick animals or humans.
- Indirect. The mycelium of a pathogenic fungus enters the dermis upon contact with clothing and objects that the patient used to use.
There are varieties of pathogenic fungi found in children. These include superficial trichophytosis and microsporia. There are also varieties of mycelium, which affects mainly adults. There are fungal diseases that appear at certain times of the year. In autumn, the likelihood of getting sick with microsporia increases. In summer - zoophilic trichophytosis.
Influence the vital activity of the mycelium of pathogenic fungi and climatic conditions. In recent years, scientists have been talking about the cyclical nature of the incidence. This is an important indicator in the development of methods to combat various types of disease.
Features and types of pathogenic fungi
The mycelium of a pathogenic fungus poses the greatest threat with a decrease in the protective properties of the body. It can provoke the development of various infectious diseases. All pathogenic fungi are divided into several genera and classes. According to the method of reproduction, 8 classes are distinguished, but only 4 are recognized as dangerous to humans:
- Ascomycetes. These include dermatophytes, yeast-like and moldy varieties.
- Zygomycetes. In the absence of drug exposure, this variety can cause significant harm to health.
- Basidiomycetes. One variety of this class causes the development of meningoencephalitis.
- Deuterycetes. They lead to the development of various skin mycoses.
Regardless of the class, the mycelium appears in the reproductive phase of the life of the fungus. It is formed by filamentous fibers with different shapes. They are arranged sequentially or in a chaotic manner. reproduction in a favorable environment is fast. Therefore, fungal diseases are characterized by their transience and progression.
Mycelium is located in the deep layers of the dermis, so it is impossible to prevent its development only with the help of external influences.
Symptoms
The spores and mycelium of a pathogenic fungus may show up or go unnoticed. If itching appears, changes in the color and structure of the dermis become noticeable, then the development of the disease can be assumed. Most often, symptoms appear later. At the stage of mycelium and spores, pathogenic fungi do not manifest themselves in any way.
In the process of defeat, yellow spots appear on the nails. Such formations are single or multiple. In the latter case, they merge into one large spot that does not have even edges. The process begins from the edge of the nail plate, gradually spreading to its entire surface. The nail itself becomes thicker and more fragile.
If the mycelium of a pathogenic fungus does not appear on the nail plate, then it is noted:
- peeling of the skin;
- The appearance of an unpleasant odor;
- Burning;
- Development of areas of inflammation.
The defeat of the internal systems of the body causes a general malaise. Almost always there is a cough, headache.
Diagnostic procedures
Usually, the doctor only needs to examine the affected area to draw conclusions about the development of the disease. If in doubt, additional methods are used:
- Ultraviolet. A special lamp allows you to accurately identify not only the presence of the fungus, but also the mycelium. The technique is also used to monitor the effect of medical procedures. The disadvantage of this method is one - it is impossible to immediately identify the type of fungus.
- Microscopy. For its implementation, skin scales, parts of the hair and nails affected by mycosis are taken. To detect pathogenic fungus, native and coloring compounds are used.
- PCR. The method is one of the most modern, but expensive. To make a diagnosis, you need to pass several tests at once.
- Bakposev. The surest way to identify the causative agent of the disease. The full result is ready only in two weeks.
Treatment
The mycelium of the fungus on the nails always requires long-term exposure. Combination therapy is more commonly used. For this, special preparations are used. If necessary, the affected nail is removed and prosthetized. To get rid of the mycelium, it is necessary to take antifungal drugs inside. Only in this way can you protect your body from further damage. Sometimes special patches and ointments are used.
When pathogenic fungi spread to hair and nails, systemic and external antimycotics are used. Additionally used. This method has been used since 2010. Practice has shown that when the nail is gently heated to a temperature of 60-70 degrees, the mycelium, pathogenic microorganisms die. Thermal waves without affecting the surrounding tissue can only be achieved with a laser.
As an additional technique, hardware processing can be used. With the help of wave radiation, the fungus is affected. He is slowly dying. The peculiarity lies in the fact that hardware methods must be used for a long period of time.
Drug therapy in the fight against the mycelium of a pathogenic fungus includes:
Thus, the mycelium of a pathogenic fungus in humans leads to the development of serious pathologies. Sometimes filaments of mycelium are found by chance. They are not a sentence, but their identification allows you to start treatment on time. Infection occurs in different places, but the most striking clinical picture is observed with reduced immunity.