The child in a dream is covered with red spots. Erythema and its manifestation

Redness - possible symptom many diseases, both benign and requiring treatment.

On suspicion of serious illness a doctor's consultation is necessary. How to understand why spots appeared on the skin of a child?

The most common causes of redness in young children are the body's natural reaction to hot weather and delicate skin. Prickly heat is formed on the folds, on the neck, back, chest, armpits due to difficult sweating.

At the same time, the surface layer of the skin swells a little, small red blisters appear. Prickly heat usually does not cause itching and discomfort and quickly disappears with proper care.

Diaper rash may appear as red, swollen, tender patches or peeling. The skin in places of diaper rash becomes moist.

Both prickly heat and diaper rash can occur due to poor hygiene child, synthetic clothing, especially if the parents dress the baby too warmly, or the use of oily skin creams in the summer.

With regard to hygiene, delicate baby skin is irritated due to being in a diaper for a long time, especially with stool or urine.

acne

In newborns, very often in the first months of life, acne may appear on the face, neck, and sometimes the head. It occurs due to the beginning of the functioning of the skin glands and does not require special treatment. By six months, acne disappears without leaving marks. Hygiene is important for its speedy disappearance.

This is the most common causes spots in newborns. In addition, there may be cases of an allergic reaction that appears after contact with the allergen and disappears after its removal, and single insect bites. Another cause of a rash can be infectious diseases. In this case, parents need to be very careful and, at the slightest suspicion, rush to the hospital.

Chickenpox

Chickenpox, which affects children under 15 years of age, is spread through the air or through contact with an infected person. First, the child appears unwell, there is an increase in temperature, which after one or two days are supplemented by a rash - a pink spot.

Then it turns into itchy blisters. Do not let the skin scratch, as if the blisters are injured, you can infect or leave scars. At the same time, a spot on the skin, and blisters, and crusts on them can appear. Spots on a child's body can remain for about a week after recovery.

Measles

90% of unvaccinated people who come into contact with an infected person will get sick. The disease is considered highly contagious. First, a runny nose appears, the eyes begin to water, the child may cough. After a couple of days, redness occurs: it starts from the behind-the-ear zone and face, passes to the body, red spots appear on the child's arms and legs.

At the moment of redness, the temperature may rise again if it was brought down before. When the rash reaches the shins, they begin to turn pale on the face. This distinguishing feature measles: on the first day it rashes on the face, on the second - spots on the stomach of the child, on the third - on the limbs.

The rashes may itch a little. Traces may remain after treatment Brown or peeling, after about a week and a half they disappear.

Rubella

A fairly common disease among children from 5 to 15 years old. It is accompanied by a sore throat, as well as headaches, increased watery eyes and fever. Before the active phase of the disease, the temperature rises quite a bit, the lymph nodes in the neck increase in size, this period is usually not noticed by parents.

Then pink rashes appear on the face and go down the body, usually after three days they disappear on their own, maybe with a little itching. Sometimes rubella goes away without a rash at all, then it is easy to confuse it with a cold.

However, for pregnant women, this disease can be very dangerous, since if infected in the first trimester of pregnancy, there is a chance improper development fetus.

Scarlet fever

The hallmark symptoms of the disease are strong pain in the throat (as during a sore throat) and an increase in temperature, three days after which a small rash occurs. It does not affect the nasolabial triangle.

Her favorite places are the folds, armpits, groin, folds of the limbs. Within a week, the rashes disappear, leaving areas with peeling. Another additional symptom is the color of the tongue - crimson with noticeable papillae.

Erythema

In the case of erythema, rash begins from the face. It turns red, as if the child had been slapped, then it spreads throughout the body, the rash merges into a red spot on the skin of the child, then the spots turn white inside. Sometimes they have blue tint. Feet and hands usually remain without redness.

And a couple of days before this, the child may feel unwell, fever, a slight cough may begin. After a few weeks, the rash goes away. It is worth noting that during the period of the rash, the child is no longer contagious, it is an immune reaction.

Roseola

Herpes, in addition to many other troubles, causes roseola, which at first looks like a fever or cold with a rise in temperature. After 3-4 days, the symptoms are replaced by pink spots of different sizes, they can rise slightly above the surface of the skin.

It does not cause pain and does not itch. The drop in temperature is drastic. After 4-5 days the rash disappears.

Most often, very young children under two years of age suffer from roseola, they can be infected by parents or other adults. The disease may be unrecognized by the doctor, since during the period when the teeth are being cut, the temperature increase is often explained precisely by this. But if it exceeded 38 degrees, it is unlikely that the reason is the teeth.

molluscum contagiosum

Red dense nodules with a diameter of up to 5 mm protrude on the body. It all starts with one such nodule, then more and more of them appear. How weaker immunity, the more knots will appear.

If you squeeze the knot, a substance similar to cottage cheese will appear in consistency (it is not recommended to press and squeeze the knots). They usually go away on their own, even without treatment.

At the same time, they do not cause itching or pain, but for parents, such diseases are a reason to strengthen the baby's immunity.

Meningococcal infection

Meningococcus can live in the human body without any consequences, without provoking illness, but under certain conditions (for example, additional viruses or lowering the standard of living) can cause meningitis and sepsis.

Sepsis develops very rapidly, therefore meningococcal infection treated in the hospital with antibiotics.

In sepsis, a petechial rash develops on gray skin. It looks like small bruises that have a stellate structure and grow. The symptom manifests itself on the legs, arms, torso. During meningitis, nothing appears on the skin.

Hives

Urticaria, on the contrary, gives the child and parents a lot of discomfort.

The blisters that form with it are very itchy, the child cannot fall asleep and it is even uncomfortable for him to play. The kid shows anxiety, may refuse to eat.

Urticaria can appear abruptly and disappear just as abruptly. Its causes range from an allergic reaction to food or tissue to infection.

pink lichen

With a fungus that causes lichen, red spots appear on the body of a child, a photo with them will help to easily distinguish them from other rashes. They usually form where there is sweating. These spots itch and peel off, they are dry.

Additional symptoms may include fever and increased lymph nodes. Children get lichen from dogs and cats.

Since there are several types of lichen, you should consult a doctor to determine what to do in a particular case. Accurate Diagnosis put after analysis - scraping from the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe skin.

When to see a doctor

Since the rash is often caused by infectious diseases, parents usually call the doctor at home so as not to infect other people. We need to measure the temperature. If it is elevated, it sure sign infectious disease. Monitor the child's condition, the appearance of additional symptoms.

If there is no temperature, insufficient hygiene may be the cause. Mothers should pay attention to how they wash their baby, and whether it is often enough.

Before the examination, it is not necessary to smear the rashes with some substances that can color the skin and complicate the diagnosis.

In particularly difficult cases, you need to call ambulance. If you see the following symptoms:

it is difficult for the child to breathe normally;
the baby loses consciousness or it is confused;
there are signs anaphylactic shock, severe allergic reaction ( sharp decline blood pressure, respiratory failure, fainting);
a significant increase in temperature, which does not go astray;
chest pain in a child.

What not to do with a rash

Rashes are stressful for the skin of a child, so it is necessary to exclude the following actions so as not to worsen the condition even more:

Do not smear the skin with ointments and creams without first consulting a doctor, especially if after they can change the color of the rash.
Do not self-medicate or give your child medication without a doctor's prescription. The exception is an allergic reaction if you have already used the medicine before and know how the body will react to it.
Minimize scratching as much as possible and avoid squeezing, especially in case of infection.

Folk remedies for rashes

Folk recipes will help irritated skin with red spots, swelling, itching.

dill is a good remedy if the skin is very itchy. Its juice is moistened with the skin of the child three times a day.

To remove the redness of the rash, use an infusion on birch buds. They are poured with boiling water (1 tablespoon of birch buds per glass of water) and infused for half an hour. Then gauze or other clean cloth is moistened in the infusion. soft tissue and applied to the affected skin of the child.

Also, to reduce the rash, celandine and yarrow, herbs with strong anti-inflammatory properties, are mixed. Two tablespoons of herbs are poured into a glass of water (one tablespoon each) and insisted for several hours. After filtering the slurry and apply it to the skin. To achieve the effect, such procedures should last about 20 minutes several times a day.

Every parent is primarily concerned about the health of their child. Along with frequent colds Allergy is a common disease in babies. Most often, it manifests itself in the form of rough spots on the hands and face of the child. As soon as the parents see the baby's skin rash, they must establish the cause of its appearance, without which it is impossible to make a correct diagnosis and carry out the appropriate treatment of the disease. Why do children worry about dermatitis? The reasons can be very diverse. Let's consider the main ones.

Causes of dermatitis: nutrition and medication

In children up to a year, scaly spots appear due to malnutrition nursing mother, because as soon as she eats forbidden chocolate or citrus fruits in in large numbers, it is quite possible that redness and peeling will appear on the child's skin. Often, spots appear as a result of intoxication that occurred when the woman was pregnant, for example, due to complex disease, unbalanced nutrition or taking illegal drugs. Therefore, expectant mothers should understand the full degree of responsibility for their child and do everything possible so that during pregnancy the food is complete and there is no illegal medication that can cause any harm to the fetus.

Why does the child have rough In children under 5 years of age, a very common cause of diathesis is allergic dermatitis. It can be food if food has been eaten, allergic, - citruses, chocolate and the like, as well as contact - appeared due to poor-quality linen or a diaper. Red rough spots in a child appear on the cheeks and body, often in their place there is itching and swelling.

Other causes of diathesis

The cause of the appearance of rough spots on certain parts of the body of the crumbs may be helminthic invasion. Worms can get into children's body through dirty hands or food, during the preparation of which were violated sanitary norms. may appear in response to washing powder, which is used when washing things, so it must be hypoallergenic. Often, a child has rough spots on the body as a reaction to the dry air in the room during the heating seasons. Synthetics, wool and fur are considered potential irritants, so it is better not to buy clothes made from this fabric for the baby.

Causes of red rough spots on the hands of a baby

Most often, dermatitis appears on the hands. Apart from allergic diathesis and rashes due to malnutrition, there are other reasons for the appearance of rough spots on the skin.

If a child has rough spots on the body appeared in winter or autumn period, you should think about whether it was the weather that could have led to this due to hypothermia of the hands, if the baby walked on the street without gloves. Take special care of your baby's skin if it's outdoors. strong wind or frost, so the presence of warm gloves that completely cover the child's hands is a must. In addition, a special protective cream must be applied to the skin before the street. If rough spots appear on the hands, it is better to wrap a sterile bandage on them so that the baby cannot comb the skin and wounds do not appear at the site of diathesis that will heal for a long time.

Dr. Komarovsky about diathesis

Evgeny Komarovsky is a pediatrician, whose advice is very popular with all mothers in the vast CIS countries. Is diathesis dangerous? Komarovsky believes that this is not a disease, but a predisposition to diseases, which is caused by heredity and external factors, such as ecology, nutrition, water quality, medication, daily routine, living conditions. Diathesis should be considered as an anomaly in the development of the child, which may be a predisposition to disease or an inadequate response to food and other normal stimuli.

In addition to allergic diathesis, Komarovsky distinguishes lymphatic-hypoplastic (predisposition to infectious diseases) and neuro-arthritic ( diabetes and predisposition to obesity). How to treat diathesis? Komarovsky focuses on the fact that before parents begin to treat a child, they must review the baby's diet, his daily routine and lifestyle.

How to treat rough spots on the body of a child

After the pediatrician establishes the cause of the appearance of diathesis, it is urgent to move on to treatment, which should be comprehensive. If rough spots appeared as a result of allergic dermatitis, the allergen must be eliminated urgently. In addition, we should not forget that diathesis affects the skin much more intensely if the room low level humidity, since dry air makes the skin defenseless against the action of microbes and viruses, depriving it of its natural protective film. Therefore, it is very important to use industrial or natural air humidifiers, especially during the heating period. It is necessary to carry out regular cleaning in the house and it is desirable to limit the contact of the child with pets during the illness.

In order for the skin of the crumbs to breathe freely, you should wear it exclusively in cotton clothes. When washing, you must use strictly hypoallergenic powders intended for washing baby clothes. Of course, in the treatment of diathesis, it is important to provide the baby with fresh air walks away from freeways, factories and other industrial enterprises. If a child has rough spots on the body due to food allergies, nutrition should be adjusted. It should contain as little as possible sweet foods and exotic fruits.

What ointments should be used during the treatment of diathesis

For skin care, it is also important to choose a good baby cream who can advise the pediatrician. Without the consent of the doctor, it is forbidden to buy an ointment, since he prescribes it depending on the nature of the rash. For mild rashes, these are emollient and moisturizing creams. Most often, these are products based on lanolin, a special substance that creates on the skin protective barrier, which does not allow viruses and bacteria to get inside the epidermis. Use hormonal ointments undesirable, since their components can cause serious illnesses internal organs. However, if there are severe exacerbations of the disease, it is possible to use these drugs.

Prevention of the appearance of flaky spots on the body

If the skin on the hands of the crumbs begins to peel off, it means that mistakes were made either in nutrition or in caring for the child. How older kid becomes, the more his digestive system strengthens, therefore, at an older age, food allergies are not so common, which cannot be said about babies. Starting from six months, when complementary foods are introduced, it is very important to choose starting acquaintance with cereals and vegetables. Exotic fruits should be given only after a year.

If the mother does not know exactly which product she is allergic to, she should start food diary and record the time of introduction of the new product and the reaction to it. If the baby has just started complementary foods, each product should be given strictly once every 5 days in order to accurately fix which of them the allergy began. The nutrition of children should be treated as responsibly as possible, without giving them harmful products. In the room where the baby sleeps and spends more time, you need to regularly ventilate, it is also advisable to buy a humidifier so that the humidity level is at the required level.

Errors in the treatment of rough spots

Parents in the treatment of diathesis should ensure that all the instructions of the pediatrician are followed exactly. The prescribed diet can not be stopped, as well as skipping a dose essential medicines. How to cure dermatitis? The causes of its occurrence must be completely excluded from Everyday life crumbs. If the baby asks for a forbidden candy, you should not worry that if he does not receive it, he will remain hungry, it is better to take him to Fresh air so that after walking a lot, the child gets hungry and eats everything that is offered to him.

Any red spots on the body of a child come as a surprise to adults. It often happens that the child goes to bed - there is nothing, but wakes up already “decorated” with unexpected pink-red spots. Consider the main causes of redness on the children's body, and what parents can do when they appear.

The main reasons for the appearance of red spots on the children's body:

There are 12 main reasons for the appearance of red spots on the body of a child:

1. Allergy.
2. Insect bites.
3. Chickenpox.
4. Prickly heat.
5. Rubella.
6. Measles.
7. Scarlet fever.
8. Erythema (or fifth disease).
9. Urticaria.
10. Molluscum contagiosum.
11. Pink deprive.
12. Baby roseola.

Very often, an allergic reaction appears on the body of a child with red spots. Usually, children have an allergic reaction to eggs, sugar, red vegetables and fruits, seafood, citrus fruits, etc. Contacts with household chemicals, synthetic clothing or underwear can also provoke allergies in the form of red spots on the body. Spots are often localized in one place - the stomach, arms, chest, etc. There may be itching.

Insect bites appear as red spots and are accompanied by itching. This is due to toxic substances that enter the bite site from insects. The spots are usually small and located at some distance from each other. May resemble a rash. Red spots from wasp and bee stings are somewhat different from ordinary spots, because. sting or wasp venom causes more severe redness and even swelling.

At chicken pox red spots are caused by the varicella-zoster virus. They are usually preceded by a rise general temperature body. In addition to the body, spots appear on the scalp, between the toes and hands, and in armpit. After some time, the spots turn into blisters - hallmark chickenpox.

Often the appearance of unexplained red spots is due to prickly heat . A specific sign of prickly heat is the localization of redness and seasonality - the hot season and in the folds of the skin. Spots different sizes, often rough, slightly protruding above the surface of the skin.

At rubella spots abundantly cover the body of the child, especially on the back, buttocks, chest and head of the child. They usually appear 5-7 days after infection. Pass in 2-3 days, the general body temperature often remains normal. The spots are oval or round, pink-red.

red spots irregular shape during the illness measles appear after cough, runny nose, photophobia and elevated temperature. As a rule, this is 3-4 days after the onset of symptoms. Distribution throughout the body is noted from top to bottom. After a few days, the spots fade, leaving light brown traces, and in the same order as they appeared - from top to bottom. The skin in these places begins to peel off and separate. The duration of the course of the disease is up to 2 weeks.

Spots at scarlet fever caused by ingestion of streptococci. Before the spots appear, the temperature jumps sharply. The spots are mainly manifested under the armpits, on the face, in the inguinal folds. Accompanied pain syndrome and discomfort in the throat. After 2-3 days, the upper skin layer on the spots dies off and disappears after peeling.

Erythema considered the most an unusual illness in which red spots appear on the child's body. There are two reasons for erythematous spots: abnormal capillary blood supply or infection with parvovirus Chamer. At the moment the disease progresses, small red spots (practically a rash) appear on the face, which after a while merge into large red islands, which then pass to the legs and arms, sometimes the torso. After some time, the spots fade and disappear altogether. The course of the disease takes up to 2 weeks, occasionally may be accompanied by an increase in overall body temperature.

molluscum contagiosum is characterized by red spots, transformed into pinkish balls, resembling peas, slightly rising above the surface of the skin. Sometimes in the middle you can see a small depression with curdled contents. Most often, such spots indicate a weakening of the immune system. Tactile spots do not manifest themselves in any way - there is no pain, no itching, or any other discomfort.

Large red spots with itching appear when hives . This is one of the manifestations of allergies. Sometimes blisters may appear on the spots.

Rosacea is a fungal disease that affects a child after contact with sick animals or people. Red spots (or dark pink) appear in those places where the body sweats most intensely. In addition to redness, the spots are flaky and itchy. Often, the temperature rises and the corresponding lymph nodes increase.

baby roseola is often confused with chickenpox, with the only difference being that it does not form blisters. Other names for the disease are exanthema subitumen or the sixth disease. It manifests itself as a rapid jump in temperature, after which the body “scatters” small and large spots of different sizes, which pass on their own for 3-5 days (up to a week maximum).

What to do if a child has red spots:

The most important and useful thing that parents can do when identifying any red spots on the body of a child is to contact a pediatrician. No matter how experienced the mother is, to confuse various diseases manifested by any spots on baby body, very easy.

At allergic spots antihistamines are used - orally or topically.

Insect bites smeared with special gels from bites, following the instructions on the manufacturer's packaging for children age restrictions. Breasts can be lubricated weak solution baking soda to reduce itching. After the bites of wasps and bees, the use of antihistamines is a must! After the bees, it is important to remove the sting, which can provoke suppuration of the bite site. If within a day the redness and swelling does not subside, it is important to consult a doctor.

Spots at chicken pox are usually not lubricated. Treatment with any colored antiseptic provides for the control of the appearance of new bubbles and the prevention of infection entering open wounds. Application antihistamines relieves itching.

For prevention prickly heat in children in the hot season should be dressed in clothes made from natural fabrics, and more often wash babies after urination or bowel movements. Air baths are shown, and when the process is running, ointments and creams with drying and antibacterial action, baths with decoctions of herbs.

When a child has rubella shown bed rest And symptomatic therapy. special treatment no, direct impact on skin spots disease is not provided.

Treatment of uncomplicated measles carried out at home: complete rest, subdued lighting, antihistamines, gargling with antiseptics and herbs, plentiful drink, instillation into the eye antimicrobial or antiviral drops. If complications arise, the child is hospitalized.

Treatment scarlet fever carried out with antibiotics, observing bed rest. In parallel, you can use antihistamines and vitamin preparations to strengthen the body in the fight against disease. Direct impact on emerging spots is not carried out.

Ideally erythema passes by itself. May occasionally be assigned antiviral agents, antihistamine and angioprotective (affecting the condition of the walls of blood vessels).

Get rid of stains molluscum contagiosum recommended only after consulting a doctor. The treatment is carried out complex, including a direct effect on emerging spots (antimicrobial and antiseptics) and on the immune system as a whole (antiviral agents and immunomodulators).

Actions for urticaria are similar to other skin manifestations of allergies - local and systemic antihistamines are used.

Self-treatment pink lichen can lead to complications and the need for antibiotics. Often the disease resolves on its own when only antihistamines are taken to facilitate the transfer of symptoms. Ointments can be prescribed to relieve itching and prevent microbial infection of reddened areas. Bathing is not allowed long time stay in the sun.

During treatment roseola apply general principles treatment for acute respiratory viral infections: drinking plenty of fluids, antipyretic and antiviral agents, vitamins, wearing clothes made from natural fabrics, peace.

It is very easy to confuse the detected red spots belonging to a particular disease. Often complications threaten much more trouble than the disease itself. Do not engage in amateur medical activities, especially when it comes to children's health.

Red spots on the body of a child or adult should never be ignored, because almost always their appearance is a signal of a violation of the activity of internal organs. Therefore, we propose to figure out why red spots appear on the body in children and adults, how to recognize them and how to treat them.

A red spot is an area of red skin that may have different shape, size and shade.

Spots on the body of red color can be single and multiple. In addition, they can occupy one area of the body (face, back, abdomen, or limbs) or cover the entire body. The shape of the spots is mostly round, but irregularly shaped polygonal spots can also appear.

Depending on the size, there are the following types red spots:

small red spots (up to 5 mm), which look like dots, so they are also called dot or roseola;
small red spots (0.5-2 cm in diameter);
large red spots on the body (more than 3 cm in diameter), which in medicine are called erythema.

It is also necessary to highlight separate group red spots that occur due to hemorrhage into or under the skin, namely petechiae, purpura and ecchymosis.

An important feature in the diagnosis of red spots is their boundaries, which can be clear or vague.

Also, when diagnosing red spots, it is necessary to take into account the following points:

the presence of scratching, which indicates that the red spots on the body itch;
the presence of scales, which is a sign that the skin in the area of \u200b\u200bthe spots is peeling;
the presence of pain or burning in the area of rashes;
the presence of weeping elements on the skin where the spots appeared;
the presence of signs of inflammation: local increase in skin temperature, swelling, pain, and others.

Very often, mothers are horrified by the fact that a newborn baby and an older child have red spots on their bodies. But such rashes do not always indicate pathology.

For example, in a baby in the first few weeks of life, active hormonal changes organism, which externally manifests itself as acne. Such spots do not require treatment, because they do not cause any discomfort, they disappear on their own and without a trace.

Another thing is when red rough spots pour out on the body of a child, which peel and itch, bringing a lot of suffering. Food allergies, fungus, irritation from external factors, etc. can lead to the appearance of such spots.

In this case, the children should be examined by an appropriate specialist: a dermatologist, an allergist or an infectious disease specialist. But, first of all, you need to contact a pediatrician who will determine the further algorithm of actions and refer you to the right doctor.

A meningococcal rash is of particular danger not only to health, but also to the life of a child, when the legs, buttocks and torso are covered with bright red or purple spots that do not itch, do not peel, do not protrude above the surface of the skin and do not disappear when pressed on them.

Red spots on the body of an adult

Adults are also prone to the appearance of red spots on the body. Such rashes can be limited to one area of the body, or spread to its entire surface.

Almost always, red spots in an adult indicate the presence of some internal disease and should be a signal to appeal for medical care. After all, an experienced and intelligent specialist can only appearance spots suggest their origin.

Why do red spots appear?

Red spots appeared on the body, what could it be? There are many external and internal causes occurrence of such rashes. Let's consider them.

Allergies are the most common cause of itching and red spots on the body.

Drugs can act as allergens, food products, detergents, cosmetics, pollen, house dust, synthetic fabric, hair of a dog and other animals.

The appearance of red spots on different areas skin is characteristic of three diseases of an allergic nature: urticaria, allergic dermatitis and eczema. Moreover, skin manifestations of these conditions do not appear at the first contact with the allergen, but after a while when they meet it again, since it takes 1-2 weeks for the formation of antibodies.

Red spots with allergies have their own features, namely:

the presence of itching, which increases after meeting with the allergen;
a decrease in the severity of symptoms after the cause has been eliminated;
normal general condition of the patient;
the risk of relapse upon repeated contact with the allergen;

Urticaria is characterized by red round spots, which rise above the surface of the skin, itch and reach a fairly large size.

Such rashes are called urticaria, because red itchy spots with allergies resemble skin changes after contact with nettles.

In children, atopic dermatitis is manifested by weeping spots, while in adults, on the contrary, red dry spots with scaly surfaces appear. In addition, if you press on such a speck, it will turn white and then turn red again.

With eczema in the development of red spots, one can distinguish the following stages:

the appearance of reddish spots on symmetrical parts of the body that itch severely. Such rashes will itch even after the allergen has been eliminated;
the appearance of weeping and bloody elements;
red scaly spots on the body are the final stage of eczema.

alcohol allergy

In addition, red spots can appear as a result of the use of body scrubs or low-quality hygiene detergents.

Diagnosis of red spots on the skin

When red spots appear on the skin that do not go away for a long time or are accompanied by such unpleasant symptoms like itching, pain, flaking, or if there is a disturbance general condition, you should immediately contact a specialist - a dermatologist.

The main task of the attending doctor is to find out the cause of the appearance of red spots on the skin. If the doctor suspects the infectious nature of the spots, he will refer the patient to an infectious disease specialist, and if signs of allergy predominate, to an allergist, etc.

In the process of examining a patient with red spots on the body, following methods diagnostics:

allergy tests;
scraping from the surface of the stain;
blood analysis;
dermatoscopy;
iodine test and others.

Finding out the cause of red spots on the skin plays essential role in choosing a treatment method.

The treatment of red spots is started after their origin is clarified.

Treatment of allergic red allergic nature is carried out, guided by the following principles:

elimination of contact with the allergen;
adherence to a hypoallergenic diet;
intake of enterosorbents (Enterosgel, white coal, Atoxil, Laktofiltrum and others) in order to eliminate the allergen from the body;
taking antiallergic drugs (Tavegil, Tsetrin, Edem, Diazolin, Loratadin), which will reduce itching and redness of the skin;
local therapy - applying ointments, creams and gels. High efficiency in the fight in allergic spots the body has creams Bepanten, Pantestin and Rescuer, Fenistil gel, as well as hydrocortisone ointment;
usage folk remedies, which will reduce itching, dry weeping spots and accelerate skin recovery. To do this, you can use baths with decoctions of chamomile, mint, sage, succession, oak bark and others. medicinal plants, as well as compresses with cucumber juice, potatoes and aloe.

In cases where an infectious disease has become the cause of red spots on the skin, etiotropic therapy is carried out using antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal drugs. Symptomatic therapy is also mandatory, which consists in the use of antipruritic, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs.

Each drug has side effects and contraindications, therefore, it should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor.

The appearance of pink and red spots on the body may be a manifestation physiological processes in organism. But also such spots can signal a serious health problem.

Therefore, there is no need to delay going to a dermatologist, who, after conducting a series of studies, will find out the cause of such spots, prescribe effective treatment or refer you to the appropriate specialist.

On healthy skin the child should not have any extraneous spots. Their appearance usually indicates that some pathological disorders occur in the child's body. This article will help to understand under what situations and diseases spots appear on the skin.

Causes

The physiological color of the skin is pale pink. In a newborn baby skin soft enough to see through blood vessels. The skin of the babies is quite hydrated.

The appearance of various rashes on the skin most often indicates the occurrence of a pathological process.

The following reasons can lead to the appearance of spots on the skin of a baby:

Job disruption endocrine system. For the full growth and development of the child, a wide variety of hormones are required. Failure of the endocrine system contributes to the appearance of various red spots on the skin. They may be rough to the touch. The size of such formations usually reaches several centimeters.
herpes infection. It is manifested by the appearance of red spots with bubbles on the child's skin. Within these elements are serosanguineous fluid. A herpetic rash can occur on almost any part of the body, but most often it affects the mucous membranes of the lips and genitals.
Children's infections. Measles, rubella, chicken pox- fairly common causes of the appearance on the skin of babies of various skin rashes. Each of the pathologies has its own specific features of the rash.

These childhood infections are manifested by the appearance of numerous red spots on the skin, which can be located on almost all parts of the body.

Allergic pathologies. The appearance of red, rough spots on the skin is often a skin manifestation of an allergy. These elements appear when various provoking factors - allergens - enter or act on the body. These symptoms occur in babies who have individual hypersensitivity to specific chemicals or foods.
Atopic dermatitis. Causes bright red spots on the skin of the baby, which can cause the child severe itching. This pathology has a pronounced hereditary nature. In the presence of a burdened family history, the risk of developing atopic dermatitis the child increases several times.

contact dermatitis. Every mother raising a baby can meet this pathology. Most often, contact dermatitis occurs in babies under one year old. It occurs as a result of an allergic reaction that causes some Chemical substance. In children, the development of contact dermatitis leads to the use of improperly fitting diapers or wearing clothes made from synthetic materials.
Violation of skin pigmentation. This condition occurs in pediatric practice quite often. It is characterized by the appearance of white spots on tanned skin. It's related pathological condition with a violation of the content in the skin layers of melanin - the main pigment that provides normal color. The appearance of white spots on the skin after sunburn should alert parents and motivate them to seek advice from a pediatrician.

Eczema. It is manifested by the appearance of weeping pink spots on the skin, which can be located on different parts of the body. Most often, eczema is formed in those anatomical zones that are most often exposed to provocative external factors. These are usually the hands and feet. The size of the spots on the skin with eczema can be different.
Seborrheic dermatitis . It can occur in various pathological conditions. Characterized by the appearance on the scalp yellow spots. Another specific feature diseases - great amount easily flaky skin (dandruff). The peak incidence occurs in adolescence.

Impact adverse factors external environment. Severe hypothermia or contact with low-quality children's cosmetics often leads to the fact that the child's skin becomes dry. In some cases, various skin spots and rashes appear on it. Most often they look like light or red formations.
Ichthyosis. This genetic pathology, flowing in babies is quite difficult. The first adverse symptoms appear in the child already in early childhood. The disease is characterized by the appearance of grayish and white spots on the skin. These skin elements are numerous and resemble “fish scales” in appearance.

endemic diseases. In our country, infections that occur in babies as a result of bites are widespread. ixodid ticks. These insects are carriers dangerous diseases- viral tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis. The appearance on the body of a spot with a bright red rim may indicate that the child has the first signs of Lyme disease.
Prickly heat. This pathology is one of the most common in babies of the first year of life. This pathological condition develops when the process of thermoregulation is disturbed, as a result of which secretion is disturbed. sweat glands. This pathology is characterized by the appearance on the skin of a child of various red spots, which are quite large in area.

Deprive Gibert. Occurs after transferred by a child viral or bacterial infections. It is manifested by the appearance of bright pink spots on the skin. The dimensions of the skin elements are usually from 2 to 4 cm. The spots disappear from the skin on their own, without prescribing treatment.
Fungal diseases. Causes white spots on the skin. They arise due to toxic effects on the skin of biologically active waste products of fungi. The spots from a fungal infection are usually round or oval. In some cases, they merge with each other, forming fairly large areas of affected skin.

How do they appear?

The appearance of various rashes on the skin of a baby is a reason to see a doctor. Conduct differential diagnosis difficult enough at home. problems skin diseases are engaged pediatric dermatologists. These specialists conduct a full clinical examination and examination of the baby, as a result of which they will be able to establish the correct diagnosis.

The severity of symptoms various diseases may be different. The color intensity of skin rashes also differs significantly. In the midst acute period disease spots on the skin have a more intense color, then gradually turn pale. After cleansing from skin rashes, areas of depigmentation usually remain on the skin. They look like white or light spots that disappear completely after a few weeks.

Localization of skin rashes can be different. With contact allergic pathologies, spots appear in places of direct contact.

Infectious diseases characterized by the appearance of skin rashes on almost all parts of the body: from the face to the heels:

The appearance of white patches on the skin can be triggered by vitiligo disease. This disease is characterized by the formation of rather large white spots on the skin, while there are no other adverse symptoms. Usually the spots are irregular in shape, have bizarre outlines. Doctors consider this condition more cosmetic than pathological. Most often, the first symptoms occur in adolescence.
Combination of skin elements and systemic disorders is very unfavorable and always indicates the presence of a persistent pathology in the body. One of these diseases is tumorous sclerosis. This condition is innate. It is characterized by the lag of the baby in the physical and mental development, the occurrence of epileptic seizures, as well as the appearance on the skin of large spots that cover the skin on the hands and feet.

Pale large spots may occur in infants and various pathologies immune system. Congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies are manifested by the appearance of fairly light areas on the skin. Premature babies, as well as babies born during complicated pregnancies, are at the highest risk. congenital anomalies, leading to a persistent metabolic disorder, also contribute to the appearance of white patches on the child's skin.

Psoriasis- This is a fairly common dermatological pathology, which is accompanied by the appearance of various spots on the skin. This is a family disease that is inherited. As a rule, the first manifestations of the disease occur in adolescence. Characterized this pathology the occurrence of itchy spots that can be located on the back, face, upper body, knees and elbows. Psoriatic skin elements are usually red in color, rather rough to the touch.

Skin rashes can be of a wide variety of shapes and shapes. Such diversity clinical options makes it difficult for physicians to determine correct diagnosis. Quite often, in order to determine exactly the cause of the appearance of spots on the skin, a large complex of various diagnostic methods is carried out.

In complex clinical situations, a medical consultation is required, which is attended by specialists from various medical specialties.

The duration of persistence of rashes on the skin can be different and depends on causes of disease, which caused them to appear on the skin. Red spots that occur due to various childhood infections usually disappear completely from the skin after 7-14 days from the moment the first rash appears. Fungal variants take a little longer. Skin manifestations at contact dermatitis disappear completely after a few days obligatory condition exclusion of allergens entering the child's body during this period.

When pathological rashes appear on the skin, an appointment is required complex therapy. The treatment regimen is determined by a pediatric dermatologist after diagnostic examinations. The duration of therapy depends on the cause that caused the disease.

To remove various stains from the skin, use the following recommendations:

Limit any contact with allergens. Compliance with a hypoallergenic diet with the exception of highly allergenic foods is shown to all allergic babies without exception. Choose children's clothes made only from high quality materials. Try to limit your child's wearing of synthetic materials.
Choose baby cosmetics which does not contain aggressive chemical fragrances and dyes. Pay attention to the labeling, which is always present on the packaging with this product.

For children who are prone to development allergic reactions, it is advisable to choose cosmetic products that have a hypoallergenic composition.

Do wet cleaning more often children's room. Quite often, exposure to household dust leads to the appearance of various allergic red spots on the skin of babies. Spend regularly general cleaning premises using disinfectants. They will help reduce the concentration of microorganisms in the children's room.
Don't bathe your baby often. To maintain optimal skin moisture, it is very important to protect its water-lipid layer. Hot or long baths can cause the skin to become very dry and various spots appear on them. Carrying out daily hygiene procedures is quite enough to preserve and maintain the cleanliness and health of the skin.