Already in the maternity hospital, a woman receives all the necessary information on how to care for a newborn: feed, walk, bathe, etc. Parents do not even think about the fact that after a while teeth will begin to erupt. But time flies forward rapidly and there comes a moment when the baby's first teeth begin to erupt. This is a very difficult period for the baby, as the body temperature may rise, strong salivation appears, the baby becomes capricious, and sleep is disturbed. How to help a child? Let's try to find out, and also analyze when and in what sequence the first teeth begin to erupt.

When do baby teeth start to come in?

Appearance of the first teeth milestone in the life of a child up to a year, which means that he begins to grow up. Usually eruption occurs at 6 months, but in some children it happens earlier (at 3-4 months) or much later (at 8-10 months).

How to understand that soon the child will have the first teeth? The following symptoms eloquently testify to this:

redness of the gums and their swelling;
the desire of the child to keep something constantly in his mouth, to bite and gnaw on toys;
vomit;
temperature increase;
diarrhea or constipation;
diathesis;
increased salivation;
loss of appetite;
tearfulness;
restless sleep;
cough, nasal congestion.

All children endure this period differently, some painfully, and some quite easily. There is no single scheme according to which one can judge the time of the appearance of teeth, since this is all individual. However, according to existing norms, the first teeth should appear closer to 6 months, and by the year they should already be 6 - 8. But this doesn't always happen. Some children do not have any signs of eruption even in a year, and this is considered a variant of the norm, unless we are talking about reasons that prevent the process from starting (developmental anomalies, diseases, etc.). Therefore, it is impossible to accurately determine the timing when the first teeth erupt.

Factors affecting the timing of eruption

In order to know with certainty when to expect the appearance of the first teeth, it is necessary to take into account the external and internal factors, such as:

genetic features;
the nutrition of the child, as well as the quality of the water he uses;
living climate;
endocrinological diseases.

When it becomes clear that the teeth will not appear soon, then we can assume the presence of pathologies associated with congenital anomalies or developmental disorder. These may be the following ailments:

Adentia, which is a congenital pathology, characterized total absence rudiments of teeth. That is why they have nowhere to appear. Adentia is determined using an x-ray or radiovisiograph.
Rickets is basically childhood disease , the development of which occurs due to the inability of the body to absorb vitamin D in the required amount. As a result, the body receives less calcium salts, which are necessary for the growth and development of tissues. Such a violation can lead to late appearance of teeth.

Eruption sequence

In what order the first teeth of a child begin to climb is laid down by nature itself. Usually, the lower front teeth appear first, followed by the upper ones. Fangs grow hard enough, and full formation of milk dentition ends by three years. The central incisors of the lower dentition, which appear first, can grow either simultaneously or in turn. The next, according to the principle of pairing, are cut through upper incisors.

After that, they appear lateral incisors: first two lower, and then two upper teeth. At the age of one, a child usually has all the incisors: four below and above. Then fangs erupt, and then all the other teeth.

So, the scheme of eruption of milk teeth in a child is presented as follows:

Central incisors. The lower ones appear at 6-10 months, and the upper ones at 7-12.
Side cutters. The upper ones begin to climb first at 9 - 11 months, and then the lower ones - at 11 - 13 months.
Small molars. Usually, the lower ones appear first at 12-18 months, and then the upper ones at 13-19 months.
Fangs. The lower ones erupt at 18-20 months, and the upper ones at 16-18 months.
Large molars. The lower ones climb at 20-31 months, the upper ones at 25-33 months.

It should be remembered that this scheme is approximate and such order may vary. Dentists note that Lately often the lower lateral incisors begin to climb first and then the top ones. It also happens that fangs appear first and only then - small molars.

By the age of three, a child has 20 teeth. But it may also be that such an amount erupts much earlier, for example, at 2 years. They fall out at six to seven years, giving way to permanent ones.

Dangerous complications during the eruption of milk teeth

When a child begins to climb the first teeth, then he has an indigestion, the temperature rises, the nose is blocked and a cough appears. But such symptoms are characteristic of many diseases. So how to determine that teeth are being cut, and pathology does not manifest itself in this way?

Moist cough

When the first teeth begin to appear, symptoms such as profuse salivation And mild cough. Saliva accumulates in the throat area, so the lying baby wants to get rid of it and clears his throat. May also appear in a sitting position moist cough but this happens much less frequently. It usually goes away in 2-3 days without much treatment.

It is quite another thing when a child's cough is very strong and frequent, with copious sputum. If it lasts more than two days and is accompanied by shortness of breath and wheezing, then you should immediately consult a doctor.

Runny nose

When teeth appear in children, the amount of mucus secreted in the nose increases. Usually it is liquid and transparent. Such a runny nose is mild and disappears in 3-4 days. He is being treated simple rinsing nose from accumulated mucus.

But parents should be wary if profuse coryza, with greenish or cloudy white mucus. If it does not go away after three days, then you should consult a pediatrician.

Elevated temperature

When teeth erupt, the child begins to produce bioactive substances in the gum area. Such the process causes an increase in body temperature to 37 - 38 degrees which lasts 1-2 days. After that, the condition of the baby is normal. You can bring down the temperature with the help of antipyretics, which are harmless to young children.

But when the baby's health does not improve, and the temperature lasts for more than two days, then this is serious reason to see a doctor. You should also immediately contact your pediatrician if your child's temperature rises above 39 degrees.

Diarrhea

When children have teeth, the body begins to increase the activity of salivation. As a result of this, the baby swallows saliva all the time, which helps to accelerate intestinal motility. This causes diarrhea with watery stools.. The act of defecation does not occur so often, only 2 - 3 times a day and usually disappears after two to three days.

A doctor should be consulted if diarrhea lasts a long time, is frequent and intense, which can provoke dehydration in a child. Parents should also be alert for blood in the stool or the presence of mucus impurities. Sometimes the opposite condition can be observed - constipation, which should not last more than 3 - 4 days. The doctor must give recommendations on how to help the baby cleanse the intestines.

How to help a child?

To make it easier for the baby to endure the period of teething, the following methods can be used:

Devices - teethers, inside which there is a gel or liquid filler. With the help of them, the child satisfies the need for chewing. They should be used chilled, which reduces itching and burning. The disadvantage of this device is the need for constant cooling.
Bottles, nipples, which are also designed to meet the chewing needs of children. When choosing a pacifier, it is necessary to take into account its shape, since if it is incorrect, this will lead to malocclusion in future. It is best to use special orthodontic nipples made of latex or silicone.
gum massage. To do this, use gauze swabs soaked in water. This allows not only to eliminate discomfort in the oral cavity, but also to carry out its hygiene. It is important to observe accuracy and smoothness of movements.
Fingertip use. With the help of such a brush, care is taken to the oral cavity of the child, while calming the places of teething.

Thus, during the eruption of the first teeth in a child, he is in great need of maternal attention and care. Therefore, do not be afraid to spoil him, but put the baby to the chest as often as possible and spend as much time with him as possible. This is what will help him to get through such a difficult time easier.

In this article:

Teething in a baby is both a great joy and a small tragedy in the life of parents and a baby. It was at this time that many young mothers for the first time must pass the test of strength and endurance. It is great if the child reacts calmly to the first teeth. But more often, the symptoms of teething bring babies a lot of discomfort, to which they respond with a violent reaction.

All children are unique, and the observations that have been made on children infancy, proved that the symptoms of eruption of the first teeth in infants vary widely and depend entirely on certain factors and individual characteristics of the organism. The main thing is to carefully monitor the well-being of the child at this difficult moment for him and, if necessary, provide him with assistance.

At what age does teething start?

A child's teeth begin to develop long before he is born. The formation of the rudiments of milk teeth occurs at the 7th week of pregnancy in the womb. And the period when the first signs of teething in infants appear is quite individual. In different children, it varies in time, in addition, various factors influence the age and speed of teething.

Among them it should be noted:

features of the course of pregnancy;
climatic conditions in which the child was born and lives;
heredity;
height and weight of the child;
fontanel closure time;
illnesses in the first weeks and months of a baby's life;
individual characteristics of the body.

Sometimes a newborn is born with one or more teeth already present. Of course, this is the exception to the rule. In most cases, the symptoms when the first teeth are cut appear much later. According to statistics, in many children the first tooth erupts at the age of 7 months.

According to the average values, the teeth in infants appear in the following order:

lower incisors - in the period from 6 to 9 months;
upper incisors - 7-10 months;
upper fangs - 12-24 months;
lower fangs - 2 months later than the upper ones;
the first lower molar - 12-16 months;
the second lower molar - 20-25 months;
the first upper molar - 13-19 months;
the second upper molar - 20-25 months.

It is immediately worth noting that these dates are rather approximate, the baby's teeth may appear a little earlier or later than these temporary values, only one thing coincides - they usually always appear one after another according to this schedule.

In rare cases, the moment of appearance of the first teeth can be delayed for indefinite time, and the baby can meet his first birthday with a toothless smile. In any case, there is no need to panic: most likely, this idiosyncrasy child's body, and the teeth will definitely appear soon.

teething signs

The process of eruption of milk teeth in infants often occurs with concomitant ailments: increased excitability of the nervous system, disturbed sleep of the child, causeless crying and persistent lack of appetite. At the same time, the baby will try to put everything that gets in his way into his mouth - this is caused by severe itching and irritation of the gums. Symptoms that occur during teething are divided into general, local and controversial. Let's consider them in more detail.

General signs

General signs of teething in babies affect the functioning of the whole organism. At the same time, they can be characterized both as signs of imminent teething, and as symptoms of the development of a disease, for example: colds, intestinal infection, poisoning, etc.

TO general symptoms eruption of upper and lower teeth in children include:

increased body temperature;
weakness, general violation well-being;
lack of appetite;
sleep disturbances, marked anxiety.

If the listed signs appear unexpectedly and last for a long time, while the baby’s gums and his behavior are not typical for signs of the appearance of the first teeth, you should consult a doctor. Most likely, we are talking about some kind of disease that has nothing to do with the baby's dental problems.

local signs

Local signs of teething in children first appear at the age of 5 months.

These include:

increased secretion of saliva;
gastrointestinal disorders, diarrhea, frequent regurgitation, flatulence;
refusal to breastfeed;
swelling of the gums, redness;
nasal congestion, slight runny nose;
the child constantly keeps his fingers or fist in his mouth.

A little later, when the teeth begin to approach the very surface of the gums, small whitish bumps form on it.

In rare cases, as local reaction on the chin and cheeks of the child, you can notice a rash, which is also a reaction of the body in response to teething.

Controversial signs

Controversial symptoms of teething in babies include the following:

violation of the chair on the background of ingestion a large number saliva with food: diarrhea appears, which can last up to 3 days;
itching covering the gums, cheeks, ears, nose, resulting from irritation of the mucous membranes and skin increased salivation;
single vomiting, which is quite rare, but this symptom should not be ruled out (if vomiting is repeated, and against its background the body temperature has increased, we are more likely to talk about the presence in the body viral infection and not symptoms of teething syndrome);
an increase in body temperature, which can be observed in almost 50% of babies: normally, the temperature can rise to 38 °, it should last no more than 3 days.

If the symptoms of teething in infants resemble clinical picture SARS, perhaps you should think not about the new teeth of the child, but about visiting a doctor. Often in the circle of young parents you can hear the opinion that fever and diarrhea during teething is a commonplace phenomenon. This is true, but only on condition that the body temperature does not rise above 38 ° and does not last longer than 3 days. Otherwise, we are talking about the infectious process in the body, and not about the teeth. Of course, the body reacts with a rise in temperature to inflammation in the gums, but this reaction cannot last long and be pronounced.

Teething diarrhea also has its own characteristics, it has nothing to do with ordinary diarrhea. The child has loose stools up to 3 times a day due to the fact that he swallows too much saliva. If the diarrhea continues for more than 3 days, the child may have put something in his mouth that triggered an intestinal infection. You need to see a doctor.

Features of teething

Many mothers are interested in why some babies teeth erupt earlier, while others later. Dentists explain this by the rate of formation of the tooth root, namely the rate of division of its cells, since the roots of the teeth, like other organs in the human body, have a cellular structure.

It is impossible to artificially influence this physiological process. Therefore, it is not recommended to “help” the teeth to erupt from the gums, as some especially compassionate parents do, specifically cutting or damaging the child’s gums. Firstly, it is completely useless - the tooth will erupt only when its time comes. Secondly, it hurts, and thirdly, you can bring the infection into the resulting wound surface.

There are cases when the teeth in children after eruption have their own characteristics, for example:

if the baby's teeth are yellow-brown, most likely, his mother, being pregnant, took antibiotics during the formation of the rudiments of teeth at the very beginning of pregnancy;
a dark edging on the root neck of the tooth indicates that iron-containing preparations were used or there is inflammation of a chronic nature in the child's body;
the yellow-green tint of the teeth appears against the background of liver disease, bilirubin metabolism disorders and the death of red blood cells;
if the enamel has a red tint, then we can talk about congenital pathology the exchange of porphyria pigment or about the mother taking tetracycline drugs during pregnancy;
if the baby's teeth are not positioned correctly, the reasons may be the constitutional features of a particular person (usually a small jaw size), trauma, congenital metabolic disorder connective tissue, tumors of the jaw.

If the baby's teeth grow correctly and in a timely manner, this indicates normal development child, since the process of teething is directly related to general condition his body.

But there are situations when not everything is so smooth, and the problems that arose during the eruption of milk teeth indicate the presence of pathology:

abnormal tooth development (wrong color, size, shape) - the cause of this pathology should be diagnosed by a doctor;
teething with a slope from the common arch of the dentition indicates an incorrect localization of the axis of the tooth;
the appearance of milk teeth a few months earlier: possibly the result of endocrine pathologies in organism;
the first teeth appear with a delay from the general schedule for 2 or more months: speaks in favor of chronic infectious process in the body, disruption digestive tract, pathologies of metabolism;
violation of the proper order of teething or the absence of any tooth also indicates potential problems in the body or is the result of infectious diseases suffered by the mother during pregnancy.

How to relieve pain?

Signs that the child will soon have the first teeth will be noticed immediately in the family. At this time, rare babies remain calm and do not cause trouble to their parents. Most children go through this difficult period in their lives, showing violent discontent. How to relieve pain and discomfort to a child?

What can a young mother do?

Control body temperature. If the child does not sleep well, refuses to breast or bottle, is naughty, and all this happens against the background of elevated temperature- it must be knocked down. At first, you can try to bring down the temperature without medicines: undress the baby, remove the diaper from him, put the naked one under one sheet, offer water - these simple ways can reduce the body temperature to normal values. If this does not happen, you should give the child antipyretic drug based on Paracetamol.
Relief of discomfort in the gum area. To solve this problem, you will need chilled teethers, a hard dummy, and a gel with an anesthetic effect. Since each child is unique, the remedy for relieving itching and pain in the gums must be selected individually for him. Someone likes teethers, and someone cannot do without anesthetic gels.
Often, to relieve discomfort in the gums, young mothers use a decoction of chamomile, which is gently rubbed into the gums and irritations on the baby's cheeks and chin. Honey has the same effect.
As soon as the teeth begin to cut, the baby is offered solid food- apple, fresh cucumber. If the child persistently refuses habitual food, you can temporarily replace it with cool baby foods such as fruit puree or yogurt. It is also important to avoid dehydration, because along with increased secretion saliva, the child's body loses a lot of fluid.

What signs are common to all children during teething? It must be remembered that their appearance is a purely individual process. Feelings during teething, the speed of the process and the child's tolerance for pain - it all depends on the particular baby. Fortunately, this picture concerns the appearance of only the first milk teeth.

Useful video about the appearance of the first teeth in a baby

Teething, along with some other ailments of newborns, is perhaps one of the most popular and widely discussed topics among mothers who share their experiences and feelings on various forums dedicated to and raising children. According to statistics, the first teeth in a child appear no earlier than six months.

Many myths are associated with the process of the appearance of milk teeth, for example, that girls teeth are cut faster than boys. First of all, this claim is not supported. medical research. And secondly, infant development, which includes the growth of teeth, is a purely individual process.

This means that one child will have early tooth development, while the second may have their first incisors a year or even later. It is important that in both cases we are not talking about a lag or deviation, this is just a variant of the norm.

Since the process of the appearance of milk teeth is indeed most often associated with many inconveniences and experiences, both for parents and children, it is best to find out in advance how to determine that teeth are growing in an infant, and most importantly, how to facilitate this process for a child . After all, as they say, knowledgeable means armed.

How do you know if a child is teething? This question worries all parents without exception. It often happens that mothers, having noticed a deterioration in their children's health, do not associate this with the appearance of the first teeth, but think that their child has caught a cold or caught a virus. This is due to the fact that the first signs of teething in a child are very similar to the development at the initial stage or ORZ .

In order not to wag their nerves, time and money in vain and not to stuff the baby with unnecessary, and in addition, ineffective medicines, parents simply have to know what symptoms of teething the first teeth in infants are and how to help the baby in such a situation. Let's first talk about how a child behaves when teething.

It is noteworthy that although teething is an absolutely normal and natural physiological process for human body, he, unfortunately, in most cases brings the child a lot of inconvenience, from which there is no escape.

When a child's teeth climb, he changes before our eyes, becomes capricious and more irritable.

The kid really suffers and experiences discomfort, because he is faced with such pain for the first time.

Therefore, in this difficult period, parents are simply obliged to support their child and do everything to alleviate his condition.

Pediatric doctors (for example, the famous doctor Komarovsky) recommend showing as much care and affection for the baby as possible during this difficult period of time for him, hugging and kissing the child more often.

After all, the best medicine is parental love and the warmth of mother's hands. And may you not be able to completely eliminate pain but your baby will feel your support and compassion. As mentioned above, the first teeth usually come in at six months. However, this does not mean at all that the first tooth in a child cannot appear, for example, at 3 months.

By the way, this age is considered the earliest, according to doctors, when the process of teething the first teeth can begin in babies. Modern pediatricians are increasingly saying that each child is unique, and it is not entirely correct to apply the same rules and regulations to all children. Individual approach diagnostics and treatment is the future of medicine.

It is important to understand that the presence and severity of certain symptoms of teething in children under one year old depends solely on the health status of a particular baby. There are cases, and there are many of them, when a child endures this process almost painlessly and does not experience even half of the ailments associated with the appearance of the first teeth.

When a child is teething, the symptoms can be so invisible to others that parents, upon discovering the first incisor in their baby, can not only be delighted, but also truly surprised.

So, if a child is teething, then the symptoms may be:

gums and swelling at the site of eruption - this is perhaps the most sure sign that soon the baby will have the first tooth. You can see this symptom with the naked eye, you just have to look into the child’s mouth or feel the “tubercle” on the gum with your finger. In some cases, a small tooth may form at the site of eruption ( accumulation), then it will turn blue. This is considered a variant of the norm, subject to the general normal well-being of the child. As a rule, the hematoma passes by itself immediately after the tooth erupts. On hit infections on gum may be present abscess or , they also go away on their own with time. If this does not happen, and the baby's condition worsens (usually rises temperature how the body reacts to inflammatory processes ), you should immediately consult a dentist;
increased salivation can also be attributed to the true signs of cutting teeth. There is really a lot of saliva, and when the first incisors appear in sequence and further, when the development of molars and canines occurs;
the desire of the baby to gnaw everything is due to strong itchy gums , another sure sign that the teething process is gaining momentum;
decrease, change in taste preferences or complete refusal of the child from food;
changes in the behavior of newborn children (increased irritability, unreasonable capriciousness) are primarily due to the fact that the child experiences pain at the moment when the teeth actively "storm" the surface of the gums. In addition, due to increased salivation, irritation or a rash appears on the skin that give the baby a lot of anxiety;
sleep disturbance.

Teething cough in children

Quite often, mothers ask pediatricians the question of whether it can be cough because of cutting teeth, or this symptom indicates the development of other ailments. The child's body begins to prepare in advance for the appearance of the first teeth. Within weeks, and sometimes months salivary glands begin to produce many times more secret .

However, the child has not yet learned to swallow saliva, as we, adults, do it without thinking and already reflexively.

As a result, saliva accumulates in the throat, especially when the child is in a supine position.

Baby starts coughing to let go Airways from the secret that has accumulated there.

In addition, due to the large amount of saliva entering the nasopharynx, wheezing can be heard. When saliva enters the middle ear, the child has runny nose .

Diarrhea (diarrhea) during teething

Not many parents know that diarrhea the baby is not only a symptom poisoning . The reasons may be teeth, or rather, increased salivation. The thing is that an overly receptive and not fully formed children's stomach can react painfully to the ingress of saliva with food.

A large number of secret liquefies chair , and the bacteria contained in it provoke indigestion . In addition, with the growth of milk teeth, the entire children's body experiences tremendous stress, which affects the work gastrointestinal tract . As a result, the child suffers from diarrhea or, which can also be caused by an overabundance of saliva.

It is worth remembering that diarrhea that lasts no more than 72 hours is considered normal when teething. If you notice any of the following symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor for treatment:

change in the color of the feces or the presence of foreign inclusions in it, namely the appearance of a black or greenish tint stool and blood (blood streaks);
too frequent stools (more than five times a day);
the duration of diarrhea is more than three days, and the number of emptyings does not decrease, but rather increases.

Vomiting when teething

Could it be if teeth are being cut? In rare cases, children may experience vomiting during teething. However, this is quite a rare event, also due to strong salivation, in which part of the secret got into the children's stomach with food. It is important to emphasize that if vomiting is associated with diarrhea and these ailments often recur, in addition, the child's body temperature has risen, this indicates the development of a viral infection.

In this case, it is better to immediately consult a doctor for advice. Because without timely treatment rotaviruses, adenoviruses, astroviruses, caliciviruses, noroviruses , united under the same name gastric or intestinal flu, causing severe gastrointestinal disorders, can cause irreparable harm to the health of the child.

Elevated body temperature is a signal immune system person, indicating those processes occurring in the body that can be caused by the harmful effects of various microorganisms, for example, bacteria or viruses . However, even during the eruption of the first teeth, the child may experience a high temperature .

True, as a rule, it will not exceed 38-38.5 C. This reaction of the body is due to the presence of inflammation mucous membranes oral cavity , because the teeth go through the gum tissue, i.e. actually damage their integrity. In addition, during this period of time, the baby begins to grab and gnaw everything that comes to his hand and can bring an infection into the wounds.

It is important to understand that the reaction to the teeth may be a slight increase in temperature. Moreover, this condition usually lasts for several days.

If a child has a temperature for a long period of time, then this is not related to the teeth.

In such cases, you should immediately seek medical help.

It is also worth paying attention to the fact that not always when the incisors, molars or fangs erupt in a child, the body temperature rises.

This means that it would be wrong to attribute temperature to the main features of cutting teeth. Rather it possible symptom which may or may not be.

Timing of teething

Most parents think about when the first teeth appear in children. Indeed, on the one hand, everyone is looking forward to this exciting moment, when the first handsome tooth "settles" in the baby's mouth. On the other hand, mothers understand that this period of time can be difficult due to possible ailments.

How teeth erupt in babies, photo

When do the first teeth begin to grow in babies? Several decades ago in medical literature and guides to the question of when a child's first teeth appear, an unequivocal answer was given - from 6 months of life.

Modern pediatricians are no longer so categorical, since there are more and more cases when a baby's first teeth come out much earlier than this time.

Therefore, there is no unequivocal answer to the question of when the first teeth appear in infants; for all children, this process begins only when their body is ready for this.

However, parents should worry if their beloved child does not erupt teeth at 6, 8 or 10 months, since a delay in teething is directly related to a delay in the growth and development of the whole organism, which can be caused by such pathologies as:

adentia , i.e. the absence of the rudiments of future teeth themselves. Not many people know that the basis of milk teeth is formed in children in the womb, at about 6-7 weeks of pregnancy, which is why it is so important for women to receive all the necessary and nutrients for the correct and harmonious development of all vital systems of the fetal body. Diagnosis of this disease is possible only with an x-ray;
, a disease that develops in infants due to a lack in their body of playing important role in assimilation calcium necessary for the development and growth of teeth.

The time at which teeth are cut in infants is influenced by factors such as:

heredity;
nutrition;
climatic conditions;
water quality and composition;
the presence of certain diseases, for example, ailments associated with the endocrine system;
baby care.

The order of teething in children

We talked about how much the teeth climb, now we will deal with the sequence of their eruption. So when cut canines, molars (molars) and incisors ?

Consider the above table of tooth growth in children in more detail. The table contains information not only about the timing, but also about the sequence of teething in children. It is important to emphasize that this information about the order of eruption is for reference only.

This means that parents should not panic and worry if the order of teething in their baby does not correspond to the information presented in the table. The appearance of teeth, like other moments in child development, for example, the main parameters of height-weight are purely individual.

Therefore, it makes no sense to compare the order in which your baby's teeth or the neighbor's peanut grew. So, what is the procedure for teething baby teeth? Which teeth erupt first and at what age? The scheme proposed above will help answer these questions and tell you how the teeth in children climb.

However, first, let's deal with the terminology. The table provides information on how milk teeth grow and which first appear. milk teeth called the original "dental set" in humans and, interestingly, in other mammals too.

Yes, we are not mistaken, our pets cats and dogs and many other animals also lose milk teeth, and in their place the second ones grow - permanent ones. Based on the scheme of the appearance of the first teeth, it is clearly seen that the teeth on each half of the jaw, which have the same name, for example, the upper and lower incisors or canines, crawl out simultaneously, i.e. in pairs.

As a rule, two are cut first central incisors mandible. It can be considered that these are the first teeth that appear in babies at 3 months or later. Then, based on the above teething schedule for children and taking into account the principle of pairing, the central incisors come out in the upper part of the jaw.

After them comes the time of the second incisors, only the lateral ones. They can appear either from above or below, this is individual. It is considered the norm when, at the age of up to a year, children have a complete set of incisors, i.e. both upper and lower teeth come out.

The order of eruption of molars in children

Logically for incisors must follow fangs or "eye" teeth. However, the process of eruption of fangs in children begins only after the appearance of permanent teeth . In the meantime, in place of the fangs, the so-called "tooth gaps" are formed.

So, after all four incisors, molars appear - the first upper molars and the second lower molars. And only after all the molars have taken their places, canines come out, which, by the way, are the strongest and most durable teeth.

How long do the upper and lower milk teeth erupt

It is considered normal that by the age of three a child has a number canines and molars compared, and their total number reaches 20 pieces. However, we repeat once again, these are averaged data and in each case the eruption process proceeds at its own individual speed.

You should not even try to speed it up, because the body itself “controls” the situation, which means that teeth will appear when needed.

teething upper teeth, photo

The central incisors (lower, upper) appear first in the interval from 3-6 months to 10-12 months. Lateral upper and lower incisors - from 7-9 months to 16-13 months.

The first upper molars are cut from 12-13 months to 18-19 months, the second lower and upper molars - from 20-25 months to 31-33 months. And the last lower and upper canines - from 16 months to 22-23 months.

Change of teeth, i.e. the loss of dairy and the appearance of permanent ones in their place also occurs purely individually.

However, on average, the first teeth begin to fall out at the age of 6-7 years, and the permanent ones are fully formed by 10-12 years. The incisors are the first to change, and the canines and molars are the last to appear.

How to help a child with teething? And what remedies for teething in infants will help to effectively anesthetize and alleviate the condition of the child? We will try to answer these questions further. As mentioned above, it is impossible to predict in advance the reaction of the child's body to the process of appearance.

However, even if your baby is relatively easy to endure all the hardships given period time, and his health is still good, it is still worth knowing how to help the child in case of any ailments associated with the eruption of milk teeth.

The main goal of parents is to make the teething process as painless as possible for their child.

This can be achieved using various medical preparations, which have an analgesic effect, and also prevent the development of infections at the site of teething and inflammatory processes.

So, what are the effective drugs for pain relief:

gels, for example Baby Doctor "First Teeth" , Holisan, and others;
drops, for example, this drug is also available as an anesthetic gel;
ointment for gums, for example,.

In addition to the above remedies in the elimination painful symptoms teething can help homeopathy . True with medicinal herbs and plants, as well as with preparations made on their basis, one must be extremely careful. Definitely natural herbal ingredients for the child's body is best alternative synthetic medicines.

That's only if the child has, homeopathic remedies can significantly impair the health of the baby. Therefore, before using them, you should definitely seek medical advice from a pediatrician. Let's talk about the most popular and well-established drugs.

Gels for gums during teething

Currently in the pharmacy of any locality you will be offered a variety of various means designed to alleviate the condition of the child during the eruption of milk teeth. Most often, these drugs are produced in the form of ointments, gels or creams. Such dosage form easiest to use and much more efficient. The drugs penetrate deeper into the affected areas of tissues faster and, as a result, the effect of their use is more likely to occur.

So which teething gel is best for your baby? One of the first and to some extent the main symptoms of the appearance of milk teeth is the swelling of the gums in infants. Looking into the child's mouth, you will immediately notice the swollen areas mucous tissues .

It is in these places that teeth will soon appear. You may not even know in advance what the gums look like when teething. Believe me, you will be able to determine this by touch with closed eyes, because a characteristic tubercle will appear on the gum, and the child will constantly try to somehow scratch this area.

Photo of gums during the eruption of the first teeth

The best will be the gel during teething in infants, which can effectively cope with discomfort in the gums, i.e. reduce their sensitivity with the help of cooling and analgesic properties. How gels, ointments and creams work:

completely eliminate or help to significantly reduce pain;
fight inflammation at the site of the appearance of teeth;
reduce or eliminate completely itching;
have a healing effect;
reduce redness and disinfect the mucous membranes of the gums;
strengthen the gums.

*Name of the drug*	Kamistad Baby	*Baby Doctor "First Teeth"*	*Holisal*
Compound	lidocaine hydrochloride, infusion of inflorescences chamomile	marshmallow root extracts, extracts of calendula, chamomile, echinacea, plantain, water, methylparaben and methylcellulose	choline salicylate, cetalkonium chloride
*Properties*	The drug refers to combined drugs that have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial effects. Gel reduces appearance pain syndrome due to the presence of lidocaine in its chemical composition. Moreover, the analgesic effect of the drug lasts for a long time. Pharmacy chamomile fights inflammatory processes, and also promotes healing of the mucous membranes of the gums in places of teething.	Homeopathic medicine.	Dental gel with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic properties. Choline salicylate has a local anesthetic effect, and cetalkonium chloride has antiseptic properties.
*Indications for use*	*gingivitis;* *erythema of the lips;* *cheilitis;* *injured oral mucosa* due to wearing braces or the use of prostheses; *teething* .	Elimination of pain syndrome, as well as relief of inflammatory processes during teething in children of the first year of life.	*periodontal disease;* *gingivitis;* *stomatitis;* *cheilitis;* mucosal damage when using prostheses; eruption of the first and permanent teeth in children; prevention of inflammatory processes after surgery; lichen planus of the mucous membrane;
	*liver failure;* *hypertension;*	allergic reactions; tingling and burning in the area of application of the drug.
*Instructions for use*	The gel is applied with a layer no more than 5 mm thick on the inflamed areas of the gums three times a day.	The gel is applied place, i.e. applied with massaging movements directly to the inflamed areas of the mucous membranes of the gums. You can smear the drug on the gums every time you need it.	The gel is applied to the inflamed areas with light massaging movements about fifteen minutes before meals or after hygiene procedures after meals. You can use the drug no more than three times a day.
average price	150 rubles per package, with a nominal volume of 10 g.	150 rubles per pack, 15 ml.	220 rubles per tube in 10 g.

Name of the drug	*Dentinox*	*Dantinorm Baby*	*Calgel*
*Compound*	chamomile extract, polidocanol, lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate	extract of chamomile, rhubarb, Indian ivy	cetylpyridinium chloride, lidocaine
*Properties*	Local anesthetic with antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties.	Homeopathic preparation in the form of drops, which has analgesic, as well as antiseptic and anti-inflammatory abilities.	Gel designed exclusively for local application It has antifungal, antibacterial and analgesic properties.
*Indications for use*	The gel is used to eliminate pain, as well as inflammation and irritation of the gums during teething.	Teething in children from three months.	Painful teething in children aged five months and older.
*Contraindications for use*	The presence of lesions in the oral cavity, *individual intolerance* medicines.	*Individual intolerance to the drug* .	*bradycardia;* *liver failure;* *heart failure;* *kidney failure;* *hypotension;* *individual intolerance;* *violation of intraventricular conduction.*
*Side effects*	not found	not found	*swallowing dysfunction;* *allergic reactions.*
*Instructions for use*	A small amount of gel is applied to the gums with light massaging movements no more than three times a day.	Take drops in one container (volume 1 ml) inside in between meals no more than three times a day.	With gentle massaging movements, a small amount of the drug is applied to the inflamed areas of the gums no more than six times a day. The gel can be reapplied only after twenty minutes after the previous use.
average price	200 rubles per package, with a nominal volume of 10 g.	300 rubles for drops, 10 ml.	230 rubles for 10 g of gel.

Before using any kind of gel, ointment or drops, be sure to consult your doctor. Apart from medicine To ease the condition of the baby during teething, you can use:

teethers - this special device can be different shapes and size. Teethers are made from materials such as rubber and plastic that are safe in composition. They can be filled with water or a special gel so that they can be cooled in a regular household refrigerator. As you know, the cold can dull pain for a while. This device the baby can safely gnaw and thus scratch the gums;
gum massage, for which special devices are also used, for example, a fingertip brush or gauze swabs. Fingertip brush and gauze swabs are not only excellent massagers, but also hygiene products intended for oral care in children. They gently cleanse the mucous membranes and teeth from dirt.

Many parents are concerned about the question of whether it is possible to do vaccinations during teething. Before vaccination in accordance with the vaccination schedule, the child undergoes a series of procedures, which include the delivery of tests (urine, blood) , as well as examination by a pediatrician.

By itself, the process of the appearance of the first teeth is not a pathology that prohibits grafting.

However, according to general rule To avoid unwanted side reactions and complications, vaccinations are given only when the child feels well and his tests are normal.

As we determined earlier, when teething, the well-being of the baby may worsen. Of course, in such a state there can be no question of any vaccinations. Remember, the recommended vaccination dates are not mandatory and strict. Therefore, it is possible without guilt to skip the next vaccination and wait until the child gets better.

Nurofen

Gels

Any mother is looking forward to the first tooth of her little one, so it is interesting for almost all parents to know in what order the milk teeth will erupt. In addition, knowledge about how teeth climb is also important for assessing the correct development of a baby, because, having noticed some violations, dental problems can be prevented in time.

Timely erupted teeth are one of the indicators of the correct development of the child.

Teething rules

Babies' teeth usually come in pairs. When mom notices the baby has one new tooth, she needs to wait for his eponymous "brother" to appear soon. It happens that the crumbs cut 2 or 4 teeth at the same time.
In most children, teeth first erupt in the lower jaw. For example, the lower central incisors appear first, and then the same teeth at the top. The same situation occurs with molars and canines, and only the lateral incisors climb differently (they first cut through at the top).
Approximate number of teeth certain age calculated on the basis of this formula: "the age of the baby in months minus four." She suggests that on average, at 6 months, children have two teeth, and by 24 months of life - all twenty teeth.

The opinion of Dr. Komarovsky about the first teeth and all the problems that arise due to their appearance, see the video:

Symptoms

Although teething is physiological and natural process, it still loads the child's body, causing discomfort and such manifestations:

Increased secretion of saliva.
Decreased appetite up to complete failure from food.
Tendency to take things into the mouth and gnaw on them, because of itching in the gums.
The appearance of swelling, redness and swelling at the site of eruption.
Capriciousness and irritability due to pain and itching.
A disturbed dream.

restless sleep- a sure sign that soon the first tooth will come out of the crumbs

In some babies, other symptoms are added to such symptoms:

Increased body temperature (in most cases within + 37 + 37.5 ° C).
Runny nose and cough due to excess saliva.
Slight liquefaction of feces.
Skin irritations on the chin and chest.

When teething, it can last for several days subfebrile temperature

Which teeth appear first?

The very first tooth that "pecks" in a baby is called an incisor. In most of the little ones, it appears on the lower jaw, after which another incisor is shown quite quickly nearby. Such teeth are distinguished by narrow crowns and are designed for biting off food. Most often they erupt at the age of 6-8 months, although in some toddlers the first incisor begins to knock on a spoon at 3-4 months, and some mothers have to wait until the first tooth appears only to one year old babies.

In most cases, the first teeth look like this

Eruption sequence

Although the order of appearance of milk teeth is only approximate and may differ from person to person. individual child, parents should focus on the following sequence:

The first teeth in most children, as we noted above, are central incisors, called "ones" for their position in the dentition.
They are then supplemented side cutters, which are called "doubles".
After the incisors comes the time of appearance first molars, which in the dentition go "fours".
The next step is eruption of canines between lateral incisors and first molars so they are called triplets.
The last among the milk teeth are the “five”, which dentists call second molars.

The average time for the appearance of milk teeth in the table

The process of eruption of each new milk tooth varies from child to child, however, if you look at the order and time of the appearance of the first teeth in most children, you can notice the average terms that parents and pediatricians are guided by. Here is a table that shows the average time for the appearance of teeth, taking into account the sequence of their eruption:

In most children, the last milk teeth "hatch" by the age of 2-2.5 years.

When do milk teeth fall out?

The average terms of loss of milk teeth will be as follows:

The central incisors begin to wobble and fall out at 6-8 years of age.
Loss of lateral incisors is observed in children 7-8 years old.
The period of loss of the first molars is 9-11 years.
Canine teeth most often fall out between the ages of 9 and 12.
The second molars stagger and fall out at 10-12 years of age.

An orthodontist, Ph.D. Svetlana Nikolaevna Vakhney:

Eruption of permanent teeth

The first among the permanent teeth of a child to appear are “sixes”, that is, teeth that are located in the dentition immediately after the second milk molars. They are called first molars, and milk molars are replaced by teeth called premolars. The first permanent molars erupt in children aged 6-7 years, and this happens, as a rule, before the first milk teeth fall out.

At the age of 6 or 7 years, central incisors appear on the lower jaw.
At 7-8 years of age, the central incisors erupt in the child and on upper jaw.
The lower "twos" also erupt at the age of 7-8 years.
Lateral incisors at the top are cut at 8-9 years.
On the lower jaw, fangs grow at 9-10 years.
The upper fangs appear in children of 11-12 years of age.
The appearance of the first premolars in the upper jaw is observed on average at 10-11 years.
The period of eruption of the first lower premolars is 10-12 years.
The second premolars at the top are cut in children aged 10 to 12 years, and in the lower jaw - at 11-12 years of age.
The second molars come out at the bottom at 11-13 years.
The eruption of the second molars in the upper jaw is noted at the age of 12-13.
The third molars both at the top and on the lower jaw are cut at the age of over 17 years.

Possible problems with eruption

The main problems that occur during teething are violation of the timing of their appearance, as well as in the wrong sequence. In addition, since the appearance of new teeth lowers the immunity of the child, the crumbs may develop:

Pneumonia
Caries
Stomatitis
Abscess (pharyngeal)

Why can eruption be delayed?

If the baby has not yet had a single milk tooth by the age of one, it is worth showing the child to the doctor and find out the reasons for this situation. They may include:

Influence of a hereditary factor. If mom, dad or other close relatives teeth erupted later than average, then the situation will be the same for the crumbs.
calcium deficiency, which also provokes rickets.
Lack of hormones produced by the thyroid gland.
Problems with digestion and absorption of nutrients.
Absence of tooth buds.
Prematurity of the child.
Development infectious disease.

Advice to parents on what to do and how to behave during teething is given by the Union of Pediatricians of Russia:

Gaps between teeth

Milk teeth appearing in a child under 3 years old can be asymmetrically located or with gaps between them. This is a variant of the norm, if the entire dentition has not yet erupted. As soon as it is fully formed, due to active chewing, all teeth will fall into place. Further, by the age of 6-7, when the change of milk teeth begins, gaps will again appear between the teeth, since the size of the permanent teeth is much larger. The appearance of such gaps should not bother parents.

timely eruptionteeth- index normal growth, physical development and the state of health of the baby, as well as an indispensable condition for introducing crumbs of more solid food into the diet.

During the period of intrauterine development, the laying of teeth occurs. In total, 20 milk and 32 permanent teeth are laid. The normal eruption process can be represented as follows: as soon as the formation of the crown of the milk tooth ends (the so-called part of the tooth covered with enamel, which subsequently rises above the gum), the eruption process is initiated - the growth of the tooth germ and the exit of the formed tooth to the surface.

Each milk tooth is characterized by the corresponding timing of the formation of the crown. Thus, the crowns of the milk incisors of the lower jaw complete their formation by the age of 6–8 months, and they are the first to appear.

The growing rudiment of the tooth puts pressure on the bone tissue located above it, which leads to local disruption of the blood supply and, as a result, to the resorption of the tooth itself. bone tissue and to atrophy (volume reduction, thinning) of the adjacent gum area. At the same time, at the bottom of the recess in the jaw, where the root of the tooth is located, the newly formed bone tissue is deposited.

As a rule, one lower central incisor appears first, and after 1-2 weeks the second becomes visible. Following them, four upper teeth appear - first those that are located in the center of the dentition - the central upper incisors, then, on the sides of them, the upper lateral incisors. After that, the lower lateral incisors are cut. So, at 1 year old, a child should have 8 teeth.

By the age of 3, a baby, as a rule, has 20 erupted teeth: 4 incisors on the upper and 4 on the lower jaw, 2 canines on the top and 2 on the bottom, 4 small molars in the upper dentition and 4 in the lower.

Eruption times can vary greatly. It depends on heredity, nutrition of the baby, the state of health of the child. Teeth can erupt in pairs or one at a time.

For infants, the number erupted teeth is an objective criterion that allows assessing the state of their health. There is a formula for calculating the number of milk teeth in a child up to two years of age (up to 24 months):

Number of teeth = Age (in months) - 4.

For example: to determine how many teeth a child should have at 1 year old, you need to subtract 4 from 12, we get 12 - 4 = 8.

It should be clarified that in some children the eruption process occurs faster, with a shorter interval between the eruption of the previous and subsequent teeth, and ends at 2–2.5 years, but the case will also be considered normal if 20 teeth appear by 3 years.

There are 3 main characteristics that indicate that the eruption process proceeds physiologically and corresponds to the norm:

timeliness (compliance with the timing of eruption);
sequence (observance of the order of eruption certain groups teeth);
pairing (simultaneous appearance of symmetrically located teeth of the same group: for example, two lower incisors appear first, then two upper ones).

Child's age (in months)	Name and location of teeth
	Central lower incisors
7-10	Central upper incisors
9-12	Lateral upper incisors
10-14	Lateral lower incisors
12-18	First upper molars
13-19	First lower molars
16-20	upper fangs
17-22	lower fangs
20-33	Second lower molars
24-36	Second upper molars

Baby's well-being during teething

teething, being physiological process during the development of the child, can not cause any disease. However, it often affects the well-being of the baby.

When teething, the behavior of the baby also changes: the child becomes more restless, begins to pull everything into his mouth, including his fingers, fists, toys and any objects that are at hand. This is because the baby feels itching and soreness in the gum area, tries to touch sore spot, rub it. Some children are more likely to require a breast or a bottle, while others, on the contrary, refuse to eat due to pain.

When teething, the following symptoms may occur.

Deterioration of general well-being:

The kid becomes capricious and irritable.

An increase in the child's body temperature, which sometimes accompanies the process of eruption, is associated with a reaction to inflammation of the oral mucosa at the site of eruption, or with the presence of an infectious disease that coincided with the appearance of teeth against the background of a temporary decrease in immunity. Thus, an increase in body temperature (hyperthermia) is caused not by the process of teething itself, but by the phenomena associated with it.

Sleep is disturbed (the child often wakes up, screams in his sleep). This is due to the presence of pain in the gums, with increased irritability against the background of the weakness of the processes of inhibition in nervous system at the breast.

Changes in the gastrointestinal tract:

The appetite decreases (it hurts the baby to bite and chew, he may refuse the breast), a temporary suspension of the child's body weight gain may be noted. If the baby refuses to eat, do not force feed him - it is better to temporarily switch to a free feeding regimen.

There is increased salivation (hypersalivation), which is one of the first signs of imminent eruption of the tooth. Copious excretion saliva occurs due to irritation nerve endings in the oral cavity. Salivation itself is so noticeable due to the fact that the child does not yet know how to swallow saliva, and it flows freely down the chin. Increased salivation is a kind of preparation for eating solid food, which must be softened before chewing.

The nature of the stool changes (becomes more liquid), and it may also become more frequent. This is explained possible change diet and diet, as well as the frequent ingestion of not always clean objects into the child’s mouth, as a result of which the composition of the microflora changes and an intestinal infection may occur.

Local changes:

Increased sensitivity of the gums. Their redness and swelling are noted.

During teething, it is important to minimize the child's contact with strangers, limit visits to crowded places, and carefully monitor the cleanliness of everything that gets into the baby's mouth: this is the prevention of possible respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases.

When a baby shows signs of malaise, it is very important to carefully monitor him, to understand what exactly and to what extent worries the child, what is the dynamics of his condition. This should be done in order to distinguish in time whether the existing symptoms are associated with eruption or are a manifestation of any disease.

If you notice that the child's gums are very swollen and inflamed, you need to show him to the pediatrician and pediatric dentist.

Before the appearance of the first 16 milk teeth, their incorrect or asymmetrical arrangement is not a sign of the disease. Performing their function, namely, directly participating in the process of chewing, the teeth undergo the so-called "lapping" and eventually align - "fall into place".

To determine if the milk teeth have erupted correctly, ask the child to tightly close the teeth. Fine upper teeth should overlap the lower ones by no more than a third, and the middle lines between the lower and upper teeth should coincide. But if this is not the case, there is no reason for great concern: the final formation of the milk bite occurs only by 2.5–3 years.

Teething: how to help a child?

It is very common to use special gels that are applied to the inflamed gums. They have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Gels can be bought at pharmacies without a prescription, many of them contain local anesthetic(for example, LIDOCAINE), the action of which reduces pain, and various excipients (menthol for cooling, flavors, astringents).

Gels should be applied if necessary, but not more than 3-4 times a day and not more than 3 days in a row. It is recommended to apply 0.5-1 cm column of gel from the tube per application.

Gels DENTINOX, MUNDIZAL, HOLISAL, CALGEL, DOCTOR BABY, KAMISTAD can be used. It is also possible to use the drug BEBIDENT in drops. The pediatrician will help you choose the drug.

In the case of a rise in temperature, one can resort to antipyretic drugs once. But be careful, because teething is not characterized by a long (more than 1–2 days) and excessively high (more than 38 ° C) increase in body temperature. If the temperature is kept at a high level for more than 1-2 days, then teething is probably accompanied by some kind of disease, about which it is urgent to consult a pediatrician.

Candles KALPOL, syrup EFFERALGAN, TYLENOL will help to quickly reduce the temperature. After 6 months you can use NUROFEN. One of these remedies will be recommended by a pediatrician.

Since the threshold of sensitivity different people different, some children with hypersensitivity during eruption, severe pain will be noted. In this case, the pediatrician for the teething period may prescribe an analgesic drug or homeopathic remedy.

There are special devices that help reduce soreness in the gum area. They come in the form of rubber or plastic toys with a grooved or otherwise uneven surface and are designed to be chewed when the child puts everything in his mouth in an attempt to numb the itch and discomfort at the cutting site. Such devices are called cutters. You can buy them at a pharmacy or in children's stores. Often teethers are in the form of a ring, inside of which is a cavity filled with liquid. Since the coolness brings relief to sore gums, it is recommended to put the teether in the refrigerator for a while before giving the teether to the child. It is important to refrigerate, but do not freeze it!

You can use ice: wrap a piece in a clean, ironed handkerchief and gently move it over the gums. It is important not to keep the cold in one place for a long time and make sure that the ice itself does not come into contact with the surface of the oral mucosa.

Manifest to the baby increased attention caress him once again, take care and find words of comfort. Your warmth and love will help the baby cope with pain and bad mood. Try distracting him with games or hobbies. Switching your baby's attention to interesting things, you will help him survive this unpleasant moment in his life.

Since teething is often accompanied by increased salivation, you should use a bib so that the baby’s clothes on the chest do not get wet, and also wipe the baby’s mouth, chin and cheeks more often, since the constant presence of saliva on them can cause irritation on delicate skin. For the purpose of prevention skin reactions it is recommended to lubricate the baby's skin around the mouth with baby cream.

Possible violations

Incorrect positioning of the teeth can be due to both genetic factors, influencing the formation of a certain constitution, and exposure external factors, for example, the habit of sucking on a pacifier that does not fit anatomical features child's mouth, or thumb. Any disease that has been transmitted negatively affects the development dental system generally. Diseases are of particular importance. internal organs(violation of the hematopoietic, digestive and other systems), as well as infectious and colds. Past illness, for example, can slow down the timing of teething.

Baby teeth care

It is necessary to start caring for your teeth from the moment the first tooth erupts. First, the mother herself brushes the baby's teeth with a piece of gauze dipped in boiled water. After a few teeth have erupted, a silicone fingertip toothbrush worn on the parent's finger can be used. At 1 year old, your baby will need their first Toothbrush– with a thick handle, small head and soft bristles.

It is very important to teach your child how to brush their teeth properly and to instill the habit of doing this at least 2 times a day - in the morning and in the evening after meals, as recommended by dentists. It is also very important in order to prevent the appearance of caries to accustom the baby to proper nutrition and lack bad habits, such as an abundance of sweets, drinking sweet tea or juice at night, falling asleep with a bottle or pacifier in your mouth. Protective properties enamel small child reduced, so the action of any provoking factor can lead to the development of caries.

You can start using toothpaste as soon as your first tooth appears. There are special baby pastes for babies, they should consist of natural ingredients contain enzymes and calcium. They should not contain fluoride, artificial colors and preservatives, as the baby will swallow the paste at first, and swallowing fluoride is very harmful for children. Also, the pastes should be low-abrasive, that is, fine-grained, which has a milder cleaning effect.

At 1 year old, for a preventive purpose, it is necessary to show the baby to a pediatric dentist. From the age of 2, the child should be shown to the dentist twice a year.

Treat your baby with double care when he is teething. Be patient, affectionate, attentive - and then together you will definitely cope with all the troubles of this period.