that require complex treatment. The fastest therapeutic effect seen when combined drug therapy and physiotherapy. Pills for concussion, and others healing procedures prescribed exclusively by a doctor after a thorough examination. The duration of the course, dosage and regimen are selected according to the severity of the injury and the age of the victim.
Etiology of concussion and its symptoms
A concussion is one of the most common traumatic brain injuries. It can provoke its appearance swipe or a head injury. This injury is often accompanied by:
- Metabolic disorder in brain tissue
- The formation of microcracks in the cerebral cortex and in the gray matter
- Vascular injury
- malnutrition of cells
- Small or large hemorrhage
Depending on the severity of the injury, concussion is divided into three stages, each of which is characterized by its own symptoms:
The first degree is accompanied by mild disorientation, dizziness, nausea, slight increase temperature. These symptoms appear within half an hour after injury.
The average degree is manifested by severe headache, nausea, disorientation, which persist for more than half an hour. Partial amnesia is also possible.
The main sign of a severe degree is loss of consciousness. It can last for several minutes or even several hours. There is retrograde amnesia, headache, dizziness, disorientation. There is also a decrease in overall tone, apathy, appetite disappears, sleep becomes restless.
It is important to remember that even a minor injury can cause a concussion. IN medical practice determined by his common signs. These include:
- clouding of consciousness
- Dizziness
- Headache of varying intensity
- Presence of ringing in the ears
- General weakness
- Long
- vomiting attack
- Motor retardation
- slow speech
- Bifurcation in
- Hypersensitivity to external stimuli
- Impaired movement coordination
After an injury, one should carefully monitor changes in the condition and, at the first signs of a concussion, immediately seek qualified medical help.
pills for concussion
With a concussion, neuropathologists often prescribe a complex medications With various influences. Such treatment allows not only to quickly get rid of acute symptoms but also to restore damaged tissues and blood vessels.
The standard medical course includes:
- Analgesics
- Neotropic
- Vasotropic
- Diuretics
- Antiemetics
- Sedatives
- tranquilizers
- vitamins
A concussion of the brain of any stage is accompanied by headaches of varying intensity. With mild and recurrent pain, Analgin or Baralgin is prescribed. severe pain are stopped with the help of Pentalgin, Maxilgan, Sedalgin. Non-steroidal medications are also allowed. medicinal drugs such as Ketanov and Diclofenac Sodium.
To restore the functioning of nerve and brain cells, it is necessary to take neotropic drugs. Normalization of intracellular metabolism and cell nutrition is achieved with the use of Piracetam, Nootropil, Cinnarizine, Glycine, Cerebrolysin, Pantocalcin.
To improve the elasticity of blood vessels and to strengthen them, vasotropic drugs are prescribed. They maintain normal blood viscosity, and activate the metabolism in the walls. Also, these drugs help to eliminate vasospasm. High efficiency observed when taking Vasotropin, Cavinton, Oksibral, Istenon, Theonicol.
To reduce intracranial pressure, provoked by a blow, diuretic tablets are prescribed. breeding excess fluid also helps prevent tissue swelling. A quick diuretic effect is provided by drugs such as Diakarb, Furosemide, Arifon.
If concussion is accompanied by bouts of nausea and dizziness, anti-emetics should be taken. These drugs normalize brain activity, reduce anxiety, relieve dizziness. The most effective are the following drugs: Memoplant, Papaverine.
With serious head injuries, asomnia, unreasonable excitement and destabilization of the psycho-emotional state often appear. Therefore, neuropathologists are recommended to take Korvaltab, Valdispert tablets.
For severe headaches depressive states, which are accompanied by a sharp change in mood and tearfulness, tranquilizers are prescribed. This potent drugs allowing you to quickly restore nervous state. All drugs in this group are dispensed only by prescription. Neurologists most often prescribe a reception: Phenazepam, Elenium, Dormiplant, Adaptol.
Taking vitamins during a concussion prevents the development of destruction of brain cells, stimulates tissue regeneration and improves the general condition. It is recommended to take vitamin and mineral complexes, which include vitamins of group B, a nicotinic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, folic acid.
When compiling medication course it is necessary to take into account the correct combination of tablets. Therefore, the selection of all drugs should be carried out only by a doctor. Self-medication for such injuries is strictly prohibited.
In the treatment of a concussion, strong pills are often prescribed. But their reception allows to achieve positive effect in a very short period of time.
While watching the video, you will learn about the concussion.
The benefit of this treatment is to avoid prolonged use synthetic drugs, which significantly reduces their Negative influence for the whole organism.
Therapy is usually aimed at eliminating pain, reducing emotional tension, increasing elasticity blood vessels, exacerbation prevention chronic diseases.
concussion
A concussion is usually understood as a simple injury that occurs as a result of a blow to the head during a fall, accident, fight, or playing sports. Appears in both children and adults. Due to damage, the brain changes location for a while, gets hit against the inner wall of the skull and returns to its place. At the same time, some nerve cells do not keep up with the movement and stretch or break off.
As a result:
- cell nutrition is disrupted;
- vascular damage occurs;
- small gaps appear;
- suffering brain activity;
- hematomas occur.
With concussion, the changes are reversible.
Symptoms
The main signs of a concussion are headache, nausea, pallor, and sleep disturbances. The severity of the symptoms suggests three degrees of injury. First-degree loss of consciousness a short time literally up to five minutes. There is a loss of a sense of place and time, dizziness, flies appear before the eyes. The man turns pale. Movement, speech are not disturbed. Treatment is carried out at home.
The second degree is characterized by a longer loss of consciousness, vomiting, visual impairment. It is manifested by noise in the ears, a feeling of numbness of the limbs, deafness. A person loses orientation, control over what is happening, is inhibited. The victim can be treated both at home and in the hospital.
In the third degree, a person loses consciousness for more than long time, coming to his senses, does not remember what happened. He is sick, he complains of dizziness, weakness, he may lose his balance. There is vomiting, noise in the ears, darkness appears before the eyes. The patient is hospitalized.
Sometimes symptoms do not appear immediately. For example, with the growth of a hematoma or edema after a stable state, a headache occurs, fainting occurs.
Drugs for concussion that improve the condition after an injury depend on its severity.
First aid
- Post-concussion syndrome develops, including frequent seizures headaches, sleep disturbances, irritability.
- Emotional disorders: lability, aggressiveness, impulsiveness. The patient becomes depressed, he develops phobias.
- Signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia.
- Sleep disorders.
- drinking man drinking alcohol can cause epilepsy.
Rehabilitation
The patient is advised to give up smoking, heavy food, alcohol, strong coffee. In the early days, it is important not to play on computers, not to watch videos. It is better to take a vacation, avoid heavy workloads, and spend the first two days in bed.
Severe cases are the basis for physiotherapy, massage, acupuncture.
Therapy prescribed by a doctor for concussion is complex. Concussion pills are aimed at eliminating pain, dizziness. They stabilize brain function, normalize metabolic processes, soothe. Following the recommendations of the doctor will allow you to quickly forget about the injury.
Concussion is the most common variety closed craniocerebral trauma. In most cases, patients are diagnosed concussion mild And medium degree gravity.
By itself, this diagnosis does not pose a threat to the life and health of the patient. But, with incorrect diagnostic and therapeutic tactics, the risk of developing long-term complications increases. residual effects. Among them, chronic headache syndrome comes to the fore, neurotic states, depressive disorders, mental disorders, decreased cognitive capabilities of the brain.
To prescribe treatment, the doctor conducts a comprehensive diagnosis and reveals every single concussion effect.
Medical tactics
Regardless of the severity of a concussion, it should be examined by a qualified specialist before starting treatment.
It is best if it is a neurologist. IN last resort need to consult family doctor- he can also pick up necessary medicines.
IN severe cases treatment is carried out in a neurological hospital. For injuries mild degree the patient is under observation for the first few days, after which he is prescribed pills that he can drink at home.
For the treatment of concussion in both adults and children, patients are prescribed drugs of the following groups:
- painkillers;
- normalizing intracranial pressure;
- relieve swelling of the brain;
- antioxidants;
- vascular agents;
- neuropeptides;
- sedatives.
Painkillers
The main task of this group of drugs is to remove a strong headache about which the patient complains. For this purpose, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are prescribed. They block the synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase. As a result, the sensitivity of receptors to the main pain mediators - bradykinin and histamine - decreases.
After a concussion, a person will be haunted by periodic headaches. Regular painkillers will help relieve them.
Since there are two types of cyclooxygenase (COX) in the body, all NSAIDs are divided into two subgroups - selective and non-selective. The former affect only COX2, which activates the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. These include meloxicam, celecoxib, nimesulide. The second subgroup blocks both types of COX1 and COX2 enzymes. With the help of COX of the first type, prostaglandins are produced that regulate protective properties mucous membrane gastrointestinal tract. Non-selective COX blockers include diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin. Therefore, selective COX2 blockers have less side effects from the gastrointestinal tract, they are recommended for patients with gastrointestinal diseases. It is recommended to take tablets of this group 1 twice a day. If necessary, the dose can be increased.
Normalizing intracranial pressure
Diacarb successfully copes with this task. It belongs to the group of diuretics. preventing the absorption of sodium ions into renal tubules it increases the amount of urine produced. Inhibiting the activity of carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme located in the central nervous system, reduces the production cerebrospinal fluid, due to which it is used for concussions and other head injuries. The treatment regimen with diakarba tablets is determined strictly individually. The dose and frequency of administration depend on the severity of the injury, the degree intracranial hypertension, individual sensitivity of the body to the drug.
Relieving cerebral edema
Osmotic diuretics and glucocorticoid agents are used to relieve cerebral edema after a concussion in a hospital setting.
Of the osmotic diuretics, mannitol is most commonly used. It increases the osmolarity of the plasma, due to which there is a redistribution of fluid from the substance of the brain into the vascular bed.
Glucocorticosteroids - dexamethasone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone. They normalize the tone of the capillaries, reduce their permeability, so that the fluid remains inside the vascular bed. In addition, glucocorticoids inhibit the production of leukotrienes - biologically active substances that increase vascular permeability.
Both beckoning and glucocorticoids are prescribed according to strictly individual schemes, under control general condition patient and symptom severity.
Antioxidants
One of pathogenetic links with a concussion is a powerful oxidative stress. Released as a result of injury a large number of free radicals. They damage neurons and cause their death. Antioxidant drugs neutralize these radicals and remove them from the body.
For better recovery cell tissue, you need a good supply of oxygen, mildronate and its analogues will help in this.
Most often, neurologists prescribe mildronate - highly effective and safe drug. In a hospital setting, it is administered intravenously, then the patient is transferred to a tablet form. The course of treatment lasts up to 1 month.
Vascular funds
Preparations of this group normalize vascular tone, thereby improving blood supply in the area of damage. These include vinpocetine, nicergoline, ceraxon, cavinton. Due to the normal blood supply, blood flow to the damaged area increases, and with it - nutrients and oxygen. This contributes to the fastest regeneration of neurons and reduces the risk of developing residual effects.
Neuropeptides
The drugs in this group include cerebrolysin, actovegin, cortexin. These are products of animal origin that contain short amino acid chains weighing no more than 10 thousand daltons, and free amino acids. They enhance regeneration processes, contributing to the formation of new processes and their connection with other brain cells. Thus, the number of neurons surviving after a concussion increases significantly, and the prognosis for the life and health of the patient improves.
Sedative drugs
They are prescribed only to those patients who have increased anxiety, sleep disturbance, nervousness and similar disorders. As a rule, treatment begins with drugs plant origin- extract of valerian, tincture of hawthorn, motherwort, tablets based on vegetable raw materials.
A person with a concussion often loses sleep.
In the absence of the desired effect, they switch to synthetic drugs. At the same time, preference is given to those drugs that, in addition to sedative action, are able to improve the blood supply to the brain - noofen, noobut. The number of tablets taken is determined individually. As a rule, patients require 1 to 3 doses per day. With a single dose, it is recommended to drink the medicine in the evening, an hour before bedtime.
Preparations of each group have certain side effects and contraindications.
Most often take place adverse events from the gastrointestinal tract long-term treatment non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids. Possible reactions hypersensitivity. Osmotic diuretics are characterized by the so-called rebound syndrome. To prevent similar reactions It is highly undesirable to start treatment for a concussion without consulting a specialist. Only he can choose those drugs that will be most effective in each case. In addition, the doctor may prescribe the necessary accompanying therapy, which will reduce the risk of side effects. A full and timely started treatment will significantly improve the prognosis for the patient.
A concussion is serious illness, and before starting therapy, you need to find out the reason why given state. The most common factors are such as domestic traumatic events and accidents. Sometimes in the disease can be detected additional symptoms and deviations in the form of amnesia, Alzheimer's disease, dementia. Consider which drugs for concussion are the most effective.
Causal factors of the phenomenon
- Injuries and defeats;
- lack of a sense of fear;
- undeveloped sense of danger;
- motor difficulties.
These factors most often provoke the onset of the disease in children. In any case, it is necessary to choose a medication that can come to the rescue in a difficult situation.
Symptoms of the phenomenon
- Loss of consciousness;
- unwillingness to eat;
- elevated temperature;
- nausea and vomiting;
- visual impairment;
- headache;
- severe dizziness;
- difficulties in coordination.
Diagnostic measures
If some of the above symptoms have been found, there is every reason to contact a treating specialist. To examine a patient, a doctor uses several groups of methods.
- CT and MRI;
- brain ultrasound;
- X-ray;
- electroencephalogram.
Based on information obtained from diagnostic complex, effective and effective medicines with concussion.
The most common drugs
Painkillers
- PENTALGIN;
- Baralgin;
- Analgin.
This complex of drugs contributes to the rapid and effective relief pain syndrome and improving overall well-being.
Sedative drugs
- Valerian;
- CORVALOL;
- Valocordin.
Effective tranquilizers
- SIBAZON;
- Elenium;
- NOZEPAM.
So, we examined what you need to drink with a concussion. These drugs will help improve the overall well-being of the patient.
Complex of additional drugs
Several additional medications are also prescribed to make you feel better when you are diagnosed with a concussion.
- A group of antioxidants, all means of this group must be administered intravenously. This is ACTOVEGIN, MILDRONAT.
- Complexes of vitamins and minerals, the introduction of a group B drug, phosphorus, is necessarily expected.
- Sedative drugs provide high-quality fight in case of severe pain and disorders. ADAPTOL, DORMIPLANT are often prescribed.
All concussion remedies should be used only on the advice of a doctor, so it is important to contact a good clinic in a timely manner.
Other recommendations for the treatment and prevention of concussion
Eat Great chance the fact that after suffering a concussion, a person will suffer from pain in the head for a long time. These discomfort may have a localized character, but if their nature does not imply vascular phenomena, migraines and neoplasms, the most simple preparations. These are Pentalgin, Analgin, Citramon. An anti-vertigo tablet may also be taken. For example, BELLOID, TANAKAN, Papaverine are most often used.
If you do not know what other drugs you can take, sedatives are well suited. For a healing effect, you can drink a remedy such as infusion of motherwort, valerian. Sometimes this complex is successfully combined with tranquilizers. In addition to the use of medications, a specialist often prescribes courses of neurological therapy in order to speed up metabolic processes and improve the regeneration of neural connections, as well as recovery brain activity. Sometimes, after endured dangerous situations, manifestations of an asthenic type are formed, and drugs are used to eliminate them: PANTOGAM (50 mg 3 times a day), COGITUM (20 ml once a day), VAZOBRAL (2 ml 2 times a day).
People who have experienced the process of concussion are not recommended to drink strong coffee, and it is also worth giving up alcohol and nicotine. In order to prevent sclerotic phenomena in the elderly, a specialist often prescribes therapy aimed at suppressing the elements of sclerosis. If a person before the injury had a tendency to develop frequent epileptic seizures, it is necessary to leave such a person under control in a specialized medical institution. After completing the program, you should go on vacation.
If such an incident happened to an athlete, and he is not ready to give up the activity, you will have to forget about it for a while. physical activity, and then completely replace professional pursuits hobby. After all, any traumatic consequences can affect the state of health in a negative way and can lead to sad results. If you love to play sports as a hobby, you need to prevent injuries with a protective helmet and special goggles. Drive carefully and do not break the rules.
So, we looked at what you need to take with a concussion in order to return the condition to normal and improve overall well-being. The modern pharmaceutical industry offers many drugs, however effective means must be chosen solely by the efforts of the physician.
When talking about a mild degree of concussion, one should not think that mild means insignificant, something that should not be paid attention to. The consequences of such an “insignificant” incident can be very serious, because any damage to the skull region eventually leads to malfunctions. nerve cells brain.
Moreover, there is always the possibility of rupture of blood vessels, and the formation of an internal hematoma. Precisely in order to prevent or at least mitigate possible problems with health in the future, one should clearly understand what an initial concussion is, what is its treatment, including at home, and what symptoms to pay attention to after undergoing treatment.
Before you start removing slight concussion brain, you need to find out what it actually is. Doctors call a concussion in the initial degree a reversible short-term violation of the basic functions of the brain, resulting from severe bruise heads. A concussion can occur at any age - during sports competitions, as a result of negligence or an accident, even after a long trip on a bad road.
The concussion is most difficult to tolerate in mature and old age– in older people, this can lead to problems with blood pressure, Alzheimer's disease, amnesia and even dementia. Children recover from a concussion much easier and faster, but such incidents happen to them much more often.
Symptoms
The signs of a first-degree concussion are very similar to the symptoms. oxygen starvation or a stroke, but it is natural that a concussion is always preceded by a head injury. So, typical symptoms concussions:
- Pallor;
- Dizziness, inability to stay upright;
- Buzz in the head and severe throbbing pain, which can not be removed at home;
- "Asterisks" and a split in the eyes, the inability to focus on one subject; white shroud before your eyes;
- Increased sweating;
- Loss of motor coordination, weakness;
- Nausea, possible vomiting;
- short-term memory lapses;
- Unsteady pulse;
- Loss of appetite.
It is also possible violations of diction, emotional instability, slow reaction, including in response to simple questions.
Symptoms of concussion in children
As already mentioned, concussion can be acquired at any age, and very young children are no exception. So the difficulty in diagnosing a concussion lies not only in the fact that babies are not able to explain what they feel, because they still cannot speak at all, but also in the fact that the symptoms of a concussion in children are somewhat different than in adults. Here, for example, are the symptoms of a concussion in an infant:
- A sharp increase in temperature, cold sweat breaks out;
- Pale skin of the face;
- Loud crying, and then sudden calming down and falling asleep.
After all this, you can see bad dream, blurred vision, frequent regurgitation, lack of appetite. With a serious concussion, the fontanel swells.
Children from 2 years of age often experience short-term blindness, ringing in the ears, but they themselves can’t really name these signs. You need to calmly ask the child if he sees “stars”, spots, stripes, if he can hear well. For children 2-5 years old, the following concussion symptoms are most characteristic:
- Coordination disorders, disorientation;
- Fever, sweating:
- Chaotic movement of the pupils;
- Lethargy, lethargy:
- Lack of facial expressions;
- Vomiting, nausea, intense thirst.
First aid for mild concussion
If the injured person is able to move independently, it should be carried out to the nearest first-aid post. It is better to carry the child in your arms, supporting his head. If the person is unconscious, they must be quickly taken to the hospital on a rigid stretcher.
Before the arrival of the ambulance, the victim must be carefully laid on his side to avoid clogging the throat with vomit. In no case should you put anything soft under your head, even if the pain is very strong. It is also strictly forbidden to try to calm the pain by applying compresses, even if it's just a wet towel. Any brain injury is dangerous not caused by pain, but by possible internal damage to nerve structures.
Treatment
More often, with a concussion of the initial degree, outpatient treatment is prescribed, but before that you still need to go through complete diagnostics. The presence of a concussion is usually detected using a CT scan of the brain or X-ray. Depending on what signs are present at the moment, the doctor may prescribe a magnetic resonance imaging procedure, ultrasound examination, as well as an additional examination by a neurosurgeon or ophthalmologist.
If a patient with a diagnosis of "mild concussion" is in an extremely unstable condition, then he receives treatment in a hospital under the supervision of medical staff, but even in such cases, after two weeks, the patient's condition, as a rule, returns to normal, and he is discharged to continue treatment. at home.
Folk methods
Treatment at home includes mandatory compliance bed rest lasting 2-3 weeks for an adult, for a child - about a month. For the patient, it is necessary to create the most comfortable environment, exclude any overvoltage, restrictions on watching TV and computer games are mandatory for the child. It is not uncommon for a person to experience light and sound intolerance due to a concussion for some time - these symptoms should also be taken into account when organizing home treatment.
In stock at traditional medicine There are many tips for restoring health after a concussion. First of all, this is the use of such plants as aloe vera, cinquefoil, succession, St. John's wort, ginseng and eleutherococcus. The simplest and most popular recipes to help treat the effects of trauma are listed below:
- 1 tbsp Aralia herbs insist without access to light in 100 ml medical alcohol within 21 days. Take 30 drops in the morning and before lunch.
- Strained infusion of thyme herb take half a cup before meals. The effect will be noticeable after 4-5 months.
- Pharmaceutical arnica, brewed as a tea in half with the leaves of the world, is able to restore memory after an injury.
Medications for mild concussion
All drugs, including painkillers, should be taken by patients only as prescribed by a doctor in exactly the prescribed dosage, which may vary in accordance with changes in symptoms. Sometimes, in the presence of symptoms such as insomnia, apathy, irritability, may be prescribed sedatives or antidepressants. The main drugs prescribed for mild concussion, including for children:
- Nicotinate or other products based on nicotinic acid;
- Cinnarizine;
- Piracetam and its derivatives, such as pyriditol or nootropil, are the most popular neuroprotective drugs today;
- Actovegin, mildronate or other antioxidants for intravenous administration;
- Xanthinol, instenon and the like;
- Dehydrants such as diacarb in tablet form;
- Cerebrolysin or somazin, which are administered intravenously or in the form of saline;
- Cavinton to stabilize the work of blood vessels;
- Vitamins and amino acids, such as folic acid for speedy recovery brain cells, ascorbic acid and also phosphorus.
With the symptoms mentioned above, such as insomnia, nervous disorders and apathy work well such medications, as dormiplant, adaptol and their other analogues of sedative action. Noopept tablets help very well in the treatment of not so much the symptoms as the immediate consequences of the concussion itself. Treatment with them can be carried out not only in a hospital, but also at home. The course of admission is usually two months.
In addition to drug therapy, a course of physiotherapy, massage and reflexology sessions are required to help restore lost functions. nervous system. For more effective rehabilitation a doctor may advise you to purchase massagers for home use.
Prevention
After a human brain concussion is quite for a long time can be tormented by intermittent throbbing headaches. This condition can be alleviated by taking conventional painkillers - pentalgin, analgin, citramon. As for dizziness, they are advised to treat it by taking tanakan, papaverine or belloid. If admission is required sedatives, then it is better to choose drugs for natural basis- tinctures of motherwort or valerian.
Asthenic manifestations, if any, occur after an injury, are relieved by taking drugs such as cogitum (20 ml 1 time per day), vasobral (2 ml twice a day) or pantogam (50 mg three times a day). If you need to take tonics (eleutherococcus, ginseng, saparal, lemongrass), they are recommended to be taken in very small doses so as not to cause new headache attacks.
A person who has suffered a concussion should refrain from drinking strong coffee, nicotine and alcohol for a certain period. And if the patient has a tendency to epilepsy, he needs to regularly undergo a dispensary examination.
After an injury and treatment, doctors strongly recommend that such people take a vacation and restore their health until all signs of injury disappear - spend more time on fresh air, just walk, get enough sleep. To improve blood supply, you should drink more pure water.