When choosing nutrition after food poisoning, it is often allowed main mistake- the person quickly returns to his normal diet. And as a result, unpleasant symptoms bother longer, and in some cases even develop various diseases digestive systems. We figured out how to properly formulate a diet, what is included in the nutrition of the first days and when restrictions can be lifted.
Poisoning always affects the state of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) - the mucous membranes become inflamed, and the tract itself cannot adequately digest food. That is why in the first three days after severe intoxication it is necessary to adhere to a strict diet.
- First day. If diarrhea, nausea or vomiting continues to bother you, you should avoid any food altogether. Proper nutrition for this day will consist of: drink plenty of fluids. The fact is that any food can become an additional provoking factor - intoxication will continue. You can drink at this time plain water, mineral water without gas, a weak decoction of rose hips or chamomile. Very useful tools for oral rehydration(for example, Regidron), which will help normalize the water-salt balance. It would also be useful to use an adsorbent - Phosphalugel, Enterosgel, activated carbon and other medicines.
- Second day. You can gradually introduce foods into your home diet. It’s better to start with homemade crackers, biscuits, and well-cooked rice. You need to eat in small portions - one or two crackers for the first meal will be enough. Drinking still remains the basis of the diet, while the list of acceptable drinks is expanding - weak teas, non-acidic compotes from fresh fruits and dried fruits are being added.
- The third day. Nutrition becomes more varied and dense. Boiled vegetables are allowed, including in the form of purees or soups, porridge (except pearl barley). It is still necessary to exclude meat and fish dishes, eggs, mushrooms, legumes, fermented milk products. Meals should be fractional, and the portions themselves should be small.
The first three days are the most important for functional restoration digestive system, so at this time the home diet should be as strict as possible. Later, the diet will be formed taking into account the patient’s condition. If by the fourth day the symptoms have disappeared completely, the menu can be significantly expanded. But if diarrhea, pain, weakness and nausea are still bothering you to one degree or another, you need to adhere to the nutrition rules of the third day for the first week. Reducing the amount of food will also be useful - you should try to eat no more than half of your usual portion at a time.
A homemade diet for the first week after poisoning may include the following foods:
- Rusks, biscuits, day-old bread. At the same time, you should not take sweet baked goods, as they will provoke fermentation processes, as well as bread with bran, which can further irritate the mucous membranes.
- Vegetable soups, with cereal or pasta dressings. The exception is soups with cabbage, since the vegetable is poorly tolerated by the inflamed pancreas.
- Vegetable stew, salads from boiled vegetables with a small amount vegetable oil. Spicy dressings are excluded.
- Well-cooked porridge in water - rice, buckwheat, millet.
- Boiled lean meat or low-fat fish. Served in the form of steamed cutlets or minced meat. Introduced into the diet schedule 2-3 days after all symptoms of poisoning disappear.
- Drinks: still mineral water, teas (black, green), herbal infusions (mint, chamomile, linden), rosehip infusion.
- Kiseli.
It is very important to give the body the opportunity to cleanse itself of toxins, and the affected organs to recover. How this process will proceed and whether the poisoning will develop into a disease of the digestive system also depends on what foods will be excluded from the menu. The diet is formed from dishes that are neutral in taste, preferably in liquid or puree form. Therefore, it is better to remove from the diet the first 7 days after poisoning:
- Any salty and spicy dishes.
- Fried foods.
- Milk. This prohibition should be observed especially strictly if a child has been poisoned.
- Dairy products.
- Too much fatty foods, including fatty meats such as pork or lamb.
- Legumes.
- Mushrooms.
- Onion, garlic, radish, red pepper.
- Semi-finished products, fast food. During this time, you will have to take food prepared at home to the office.
- Sour or too sweet drinks, including tea with lemon.
- Coffee and strong tea.
- Pastry cream, ice cream, chocolate.
- Alcohol.
Even if the symptoms have gone away, in the first week it is better to limit yourself in food and choose dietary products nutrition. It is also helpful not to eat large meals or skip meals. You will also have to give up feasts and food typical of picnics at this time.
Some diseases present with the same symptoms as common poisoning. It is important to be able to distinguish one from the other and understand the degree of danger of the condition. Ambulance is necessary if, along with an upset stomach, the following are observed:
- Heat.
- Severe weakness.
- Hard belly, against the background of constipation and vomiting.
- Localized strong pain in the stomach (any area).
- Blood in stool or vomit.
These symptoms may indicate intestinal infections, various pathological conditions, for example, intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, etc. In such cases, it will be difficult to solve the problem with nutrition alone - specialist help and treatment are required.
With severe intoxication, as well as a weak digestive system, poisoning itself can cause the development of certain diseases. Among them:
- Non-viral hepatitis.
- Kidney inflammation.
- Pancreatitis.
- Gastritis.
- Irritable bowel syndrome.
- Dysbacteriosis.
Disease prevention is based on proper diet which must be followed for the first time after intoxication.
Poisoning poses the greatest risks if:
- A child has been poisoned or old man.
- A person has chronic diseases of the digestive system: gastritis, pancreatitis, liver disease, diabetes and others.
- Food poisoning occurs more than once a month.
- During the recovery stage, I suffer from heartburn and abdominal pain.
- Symptoms of intoxication lasted longer than two to three days and did not decrease during this period.
If there are risks, rules homemade diet You will have to comply not just for one week, but longer. Minimum 14-20 days. Special attention You should pay attention to drinking plenty of fluids, since this is what helps reduce the effects of poisons.
Food must be served warm. Do not consume too cold or hot food for the duration of the entire diet - this can provoke new irritation of the gastric mucosa. If, 7-10 days after poisoning, any, even minimal, signs of illness are observed (nausea, upset stool, pain, etc.), it is necessary to be examined by a gastroenterologist.
Food poisoning ( medical term– food intoxication or food poisoning) is an acute inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that occurs as a result of consuming low-quality products that are extensively contaminated pathogenic bacteria and their toxins. Low-quality products mean not only products that have expired, but also nutrients, stored in unsuitable conditions or insufficiently thermally treated. The most dangerous food groups are drinks and products based on milk, fish, meat, eggs and sausages (when sausages expire, an increased amount of botulinum toxins is formed - neurotoxins produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum).
Types of food poisoning - diagram
Treatment of food toxic infections includes rehydration therapy aimed at restoring water and electrolyte balance, taking enterosorbents to reduce intoxication and antibiotics to destroy the infectious agent. Symptomatic therapy includes the use antiemetics, digestive enzymes to normalize digestion and antispasmodics to relieve pain caused by intestinal or stomach cramps. Great importance in treatment and recovery period has food. The diet after food poisoning in adults should be balanced, but at the same time, any foods that can injure the inflamed mucous membrane are completely excluded from the diet digestive tract.
Food poisoning is predominantly acute pathology, in which rapid growth begins in the stomach and intestines pathogenic flora, the source of which was not quality products. Almost all toxic infections are accompanied by acute febrile syndrome, high temperature, uncontrollable vomiting that does not bring relief, pale skin. One of the main manifestations of poisoning is diarrhea: the patient can have stool up to 10-15 times a day, and the process of defecation itself is accompanied by painful tension, spasms, and false urges.
Pathogenic bacteria damage the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, causing acute colitis with characteristic symptoms: cramping or cutting pains in the lower abdomen, vomiting, nausea, a feeling of squeezing and distension in the abdomen. If during this period a person consumes foods that provoke gas formation or fermentation (for example, beans or cabbage), his condition may worsen and the pain may become more intense.
To the main goals therapeutic nutrition after food poisoning include:
- prevention of vitamin deficiency, mineral salts and amino acids necessary for the functioning of the body;
- replenishing lost fluid and preventing dehydration;
- unloading of the digestive organs (enzymatic unloading is of particular importance);
- normalization of stool;
- healing of the epithelial lining of the stomach and intestines.
Failure to follow the principles of therapeutic nutrition after food poisoning in adults can lead to acute inflammation stomach (gastritis), chronic colitis intestines and inflammation duodenum(duodenitis).
Important! Diet after food intoxication necessarily includes sufficient quantity fluids, since dehydration is the main cause of mortality from diseases of this group. Typical symptoms dehydration are dry lips, pale skin (possibly blue individual areas), decreased daily diuresis, dry stool.
Recovery period: basic rules
The recovery period after food poisoning lasts about 10 days. In patients suffering chronic diseases digestive organs, as well as persons with reduced immunity, full recovery may occur only after 2-3 weeks: throughout this period they will have to adhere to special rules. They relate mainly to thermal and mechanical processing of food. All dishes should have a liquid, puree or mushy consistency, since even small pieces can injure the inflamed epithelium and intensify existing pain symptoms.
It is forbidden to eat large portions, as it is difficult for the body to digest a large amount of food, and this can cause a deterioration in the patient’s well-being. Optimal mode is fractional and frequent meals, in which the serving volume does not exceed 180-200 ml. The temperature of prepared foods and drinks should be no more than 40°. Very cold foods (for example, ice cream, popsicles) are prohibited until complete recovery.
Note! All foods for human consumption after food poisoning must be prepared in accordance with the principles dietary nutrition. Eating fried foods is not allowed: meat, fish and vegetables must be baked in the oven or steamed, boiled or stewed in their own juice or water. To reduce your fat intake during this period, bake meat products and poultry can be wrapped in foil or food paper.
Hunger treatment
Complete fasting after poisoning with low-quality products is indicated within 1-2 days after the first symptoms appear. On these days, only drinks without added sugar and caffeine are allowed. The exception is green tea good quality without aromatic additives and dyes: you can drink up to 2-3 cups of this tea a day. Green tea perfectly cleanses the blood and intestines of toxins, tones, and helps cope with loss of strength caused by intoxication and diarrhea. Useful after poisoning herbal teas from linden, chamomile, lemon balm. They improve the motility of the intestinal walls, soothe irritated mucous membranes and provide disinfection of the gastrointestinal tract, accelerating the elimination of toxins and bacterial waste products.
Advice! A good folk remedy for combating infectious diarrhea is a decoction of bird cherry berries. To prepare it, you need to pour a handful of berries into 500 ml of boiling water and cook over low heat for about 15 minutes. The strained and cooled broth should be divided into three parts and drunk throughout the day. Bird cherry releases during cooking a large number of mucus, which envelops the walls of the stomach and intestines and protects them from the effects of pathogens.
Can pregnant women fast?
Food poisoning during pregnancy can lead to severe consequences, therefore, at the first signs of intoxication, you must take any sorbent (Smecta, Enterosgel) and consult a doctor. Fasting during pregnancy is contraindicated, as there is a lack of vitamins and other useful substances may lead to abnormalities in fetal development. However, nutrition for 1-2 days after poisoning should be gentle in order to speed up the recovery of the digestive tract and reduce the activity of digestive enzymes.
Pregnant women in case of poisoning bad products can be consumed following products:
- mashed boiled vegetables or fruit purees;
- rye crackers;
- rice porrige- a mess on the water;
- rice broth;
- low-fat chicken broth with crackers;
- casseroles or souffles from chicken or fish (in limited quantities - no more than 50-60 g).
Dairy products, eggs, and spices are completely excluded from the diet.
Important! Drinks for feeding pregnant women should be as fortified as possible so that their consumption can replenish the loss of electrolytes and salts and provide the fetus with the substances necessary for growth and development. These can be decoctions and compotes of dried fruits, a decoction of blueberries, rowan or rose hips, and dill water. Sage tea copes well with diarrhea and stomach cramps - you need to drink it 3-4 times a day, 150-200 ml.
What can adults eat: diet composition
It is necessary to introduce food products after a two-day fast gradually so as not to provoke an increase in painful symptoms. On the third or fourth day, the patient’s diet should include: vegetable soups, pureed vegetables (except cabbage and potatoes), unsweetened fruit in the form of soufflés and casseroles (pears, apples). With absence abdominal pain on the fourth day, bananas can be added to the menu - they coat the mucous membrane and reduce diarrhea.
Doctors advise returning meat and fish dishes to the menu no earlier than on the fifth day of treatment, as they are difficult to digest, and a weakened gastrointestinal tract may not be able to cope with such a load. It is better if it is dietary fresh meat: turkey, rabbit, chicken, beef tenderloin. You can make meatballs and casseroles from them. Boiled meat should be ground very finely using a blender or meat grinder. Before use, you can add a little vegetable oil to it.
Whole grains are prohibited during recovery from poisoning. It is allowed to consume liquid porridges with water, prepared from buckwheat, barley, oatmeal. It is better not to add butter, honey and other additives to the finished porridge.
Approximate diet of a patient from the third to the tenth day of treatment
Breakfast:
- oatmeal with water;
- crackers with a thin layer of pate;
- chamomile or sage tea.
Lunch:
- pear puree;
- rice water
Dinner:
- chicken broth with wheat croutons;
- beef meatballs with a side dish of boiled carrot cubes;
- dried apricot compote without sugar.
Afternoon snack:
- applesauce;
- Maria cookies.
Dinner:
- vegetable casserole;
- rabbit soufflé with tomato sauce;
- infusion of dill or fennel seeds.
Before bedtime: rice water.
What can't you eat?
The patient can return to their usual diet on the eleventh day after treatment, subject to stable positive dynamics, good tests and satisfactory general health of the patient. Until this point, there are certain dietary restrictions that will have to be adhered to until complete recovery. The list of prohibited products is shown in the table below.
Table. What not to eat after a foodborne illness.
| Product group | What needs to be excluded |
|---|---|
| Vegetables and fruits | Any vegetables and fruits in raw form. Additionally, the consumption of spinach, garlic, onions, potatoes, all varieties of cabbage. |
| Greenery | Minor consumption of thermally processed greens is allowed. |
| Nuts | Prohibited in any form. |
| Mushrooms | Prohibited in any form (including mushroom soup and mushroom decoction). |
| Prohibited (with the exception of low-fat sour cream and butter - they can be consumed up to 5-10 g per day). |
|
| Berries | Allowed only in the form of compotes, fruit drinks and decoctions. |
| Meat and fish | Fatty varieties, smoked products, sausage, frankfurters. |
| Confectionery | Condensed milk, sweets, chocolate, cakes (you can have a little marshmallow or marmalade). |
| Eggs | Prohibited in any form. |
Under strict ban For patients who have suffered food poisoning, there are also spices, herbs, seasonings, beans and legumes, and carbonated drinks. You should not drink alcohol until complete recovery; if possible, you should reduce the number of cigarettes you smoke per day.
The volume of liquid consumed should be at least 1.8-2 liters. Approximately a third of this volume during the first three days of treatment should be saline solutions - they help restore the balance of mineral salts, electrolytes and promote fluid retention in the body, preventing dehydration.
Video - Diet after food poisoning
A person cannot live without food. That is why we often approach the issue of nutrition with all responsibility, carefully select high-quality products and subject them to heat treatment. But despite this, food poisoning is not uncommon these days. In some cases, this happens due to the irresponsibility of the manufacturer; in others, we ourselves do not pay attention to expiration dates and storage features of food. At the first signs of poisoning, you should not only normalize your health status as soon as possible, but also observe special diet. What can you eat when food poisoning For adults, we’ll figure it out in this article.
Why do you need to follow a diet during poisoning?
Vomiting, diarrhea, fever and severe stomach pain are just superficial symptoms of poisoning. In fact, the human body at this time undergoes severe intoxication, and the gastric mucosa is severely inflamed and irritated. In addition, with poisoning and diarrhea, severe loss of important microelements in organism.
The correct selection of diet will gradually restore the functioning of the stomach and speed up the healing process of the mucous membrane. Besides, balanced diet will restore electrolyte balance and replenish the body with the necessary proteins, vitamins and microelements. Also, experts say that properly selected products will help eliminate or reduce the gag reflex.
It is worth remembering that failure to adjust your diet can lead to a deterioration in your health and will also accelerate the process of dehydration.
What to drink if you are poisoned?
In case of uncontrollable vomiting and diarrhea, an emphasis should be placed on restoring the water balance in the body, otherwise dehydration may occur. To do this, on the first day of intoxication you need to drink at least 2 liters of warm, gas-free water. Water intakes should be frequent and in small quantities, approximately 100 ml every 20 minutes. It should be remembered that under no circumstances should you drink water in one gulp; sips should be small.
Speed up recovery water-salt balance, will help medicine"Regidron" if this drug If you don’t have it on hand, you can prepare it yourself at home. For this you will need:
- 1/4 teaspoon salt;
- 5 liters clean warm water;
- 2 tablespoons sugar;
- 1/4 teaspoon baking soda.
Before using this solution, you should consult with your doctor, because as soon as he knows the characteristics of poisoning and can recommend suitable medications.
On the second day after poisoning, light soups can be added to the diet. Ideal option will become low-fat chicken broth.
Features of nutrition in case of poisoning
Use the right products in case of poisoning, they will help the stomach mucosa to recover faster, but it is worth remembering that in order for the patient to begin to feel better as soon as possible, it is worth spending one day observing bed rest and sleep more.
The main features of nutrition in case of poisoning are:
- Eating food in small portions;
- Increasing meals up to 6-8 times a day;
- Decrease daily norm calories;
- Exclusions of fatty, spicy and salty foods;
- Eating chopped or pureed food.
Food should only be eaten warm, as hot and cold food irritates the gastric mucosa. Also, do not forget about taking sorbents, which will help quickly remove toxic substances from the body.
Approved and restorative products
Acute food poisoning entails a lot of consequences, so adherence to a strict diet and special diet during the period of treatment and recovery is simply necessary. But despite many contraindications, there are foods that patients eat specifically to restore stomach function and suppress gag reflexes and diarrhea.
The list of such products is not long, but their intake is necessary to normalize health:
- Boiled or baked vegetables and fruits;
- Porridge on the water. Rice is especially useful;
- Rye crackers without flavoring additives;
- Herbal decoctions;
- Fillet not oily fish steamed;
- Boiled ground meat or ready-made baby meat purees;
- Dry cookies or biscuits.
Blueberries will also help eliminate signs of diarrhea. And here's to natural juices should be treated more carefully. To a person suffering stomach disorders, it is allowed to eat apple, banana, pomegranate and carrot juice. You should completely avoid orange or grapefruit because they contain acids that can harm an already irritated stomach.
What should you not eat if you are poisoned?
In case of poisoning, the consumption of many foods becomes prohibited. The reason for this is their poor digestibility; in addition, they often certain products may have specific negative consequences. For example, fermentation, gas formation and increased acidity. That is why patients are advised to avoid eating fried, salty, spicy and smoked foods. Also, if you are poisoned, you should not use bakery products, dairy products, raw fruits and vegetables, alcoholic and carbonated drinks, sweets, coffee and mushrooms. All these products have irritating effect and provoke new attacks of vomiting or diarrhea.
What can you eat after poisoning?
Even after normalization of health and restoration of stomach function, patients are advised to adhere to a special diet for at least another week. This is done so that the stomach can completely restore its microflora and heal the mucosal walls. In addition, dietary nutrition will help prevent relapse.
The next day, if you feel better. Doctors recommend switching to frequent eating in small portions. For breakfast, an excellent option would be to eat rice porridge with water. At lunchtime, low-fat meat broth is suitable. And for dinner, you can eat a small piece of steamed fish fillet. Light snacks can play a role baked apples, crackers or biscuits.
After complete improvement of the condition, the patient can begin to introduce meat products into the diet, for example, chicken meatballs for the time being or chicken breasts. You can also gradually introduce fermented milk and low-fat products. Ideal option in in this case kefir will become, but it’s worth considering that a fresh product can cause diarrhea, so you should choose milk product with 2-3 days exposure.
In the following days, you should try to make the menu more varied, but do not rush to introduce heavier foods.
It is worth remembering that the issue of choosing food products must be approached with full responsibility and try to consume only proven products that meet all expiration dates and are subject to proper storage.
Video on the topic of the article:
Digestive system disorder due to overeating or eating contaminated foods coli or other pathogenic microorganism is ordeal for adults and children. Proper nutrition in case of poisoning will help the body cleanse and recover faster. Find out what diet is recommended for patients undergoing clinical care acute disorder digestion.
Basic principles of nutrition
To avoid dehydration and exacerbation of chronic ailments during illness, it is important to maintain a drinking regime. In a situation where food makes you sick, you need to reduce the amount of food. The first week after acute indigestion involves exclusion from the patient’s diet. heavy dishes, loading the stomach and internal organs. When answering what you can eat after poisoning, and what diet you should follow, doctors recommend:
- Steam or boil or stew foods.
- Eat food room temperature and avoid eating hot or cold foods.
- Eat often, but in small portions.
- Avoid confectionery products.
Menu for poisoning on the first day
The list of permitted products is initially limited. On the first day of illness, it is necessary to eat in such a way as to help the body cope with intoxication, restore the balance of electrolytes, and protect the walls of the stomach from acid. The list of what you can eat after food poisoning includes cereals with a slimy consistency, as well as several other foods. It is recommended to drink a glass of alkaline drink every hour. The daily volume of fluid should be at least 2 liters. Nutrition for poisoning and diarrhea involves consuming the following foods:
- homemade crackers from white bread;
- rice or oatmeal;
- biscuits;
- bananas
Drinks
Drinking not all liquids for disorders of the digestive system is equally beneficial for the patient. So, it is better to avoid strong broths, carbonated and sour drinks during poisoning. Alkalinizing liquids have a healing effect: green tea, rosehip infusion, pear and quince compote. To get rid of vomiting and diarrhea, it is recommended to drink:
- Rice water. Per glass food product take 2 glasses of water, then let the cereal cook until it has a slimy consistency. Ready mushy mass strain it. Drink the resulting decoction several times a day. In case of poisoning, rice helps to cope with nausea and diarrhea.
- Saline solution. In a cup boiled water dissolve a teaspoon of salt. Drink the solution in small sips throughout the day.
- Infusion of pomegranate peels. Pour boiling water over the dried fruit peel and leave covered for 20-30 minutes. Use the infusion 4-5 times a day.
A gentle diet in the first week after poisoning
A strict restrictive diet should be followed for 7 days. In the first two days it is recommended to follow strict diet which involves eating several foods – buckwheat porridge, boiled potatoes, white bread croutons and drinking regime. Remember, you cannot eat millet cereal if you are poisoned. In the next 4-5 days, it is allowed to expand the diet. During this period, the list of what you can eat after food poisoning is supplemented with the following products:
- chicken broth;
- fermented milk products: cottage cheese, fermented baked milk, yogurt;
- boiled sea fish low-fat varieties;
- durum pasta;
- baked or boiled vegetables that do not contribute to gas formation.
What foods to exclude when eating after poisoning
Against the background of acute indigestion, the mucous membrane of the esophagus and stomach is inflamed. For this reason, failure to comply with the doctor’s recommendations regarding prohibited products may lead to the occurrence of gastritis and duodenitis. Food after poisoning should be prepared without frying, adding hot seasonings or fatty sauces. During the week you will not be able to eat the following foods:
- fresh vegetables and fruits (apples promote fermentation);
- pan-fried foods;
- canned food;
- millet porridge;
- eggs;
- offal;
- baked goods;
- dairy, smoked products;
- legumes;
- black bread;
- all types of cabbage, regardless of method of consumption;
- butter;
- nuts, dried fruits;
- alcohol;
- sour juices;
- onion garlic.
Excluding these foods from the diet will help the body recover from poisoning. They all contain many harmful substances, which can aggravate the already serious condition patient. Such food promotes gas formation (flatulence), provokes excess formation of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, causes fermentation processes.
Sample menu
Maintaining a gentle diet after poisoning is the key get well soon. Before you eat any of the prohibited foods, think about how it will affect your well-being. In a normal situation, what happens is that a poisoned person does not want to limit himself to a list of what can be eaten after food poisoning. This approach is fraught with relapse of the disease or development serious pathologies Gastrointestinal tract. To avoid negative consequences Food in case of poisoning should be healthy and light. Sample menu for the first days of illness the following:
| Eating |
|||||||||
| Breakfast 1 | Breakfast 2 | ||||||||
| Hunger and drinking plenty of herbal infusions, saline solution |
|||||||||
| Broth (100 ml), herbal infusion | Several crackers, green tea (200 ml) | Mashed potatoes without salt, butter (200 g), pear compote | |||||||
Poisoning, or foodborne illness, is a fairly common condition that, unfortunately, anyone can encounter. The cause can be any food that is stale, of poor quality, or prepared with violations of technology and hygiene, so there are many options for how you can get poisoned. Accordingly, the severity of poisoning also varies. It’s one thing to eat sour soup, quite another to be poisoned by fish, mushrooms or canned food. In any case, the actions in case of poisoning will be similar, and in any serious case, if a child or an elderly person falls ill, it is necessary to seek medical help.
Causes and signs of food poisoning
Usually food poisoning develops rapidly. It begins with the fact that the victim has a stomach ache, feels nauseous, bloated, and suffers severe flatulence and intestinal spasms.
The next stage of the disease is diarrhea and vomiting, often very severe and repeated. There is no need to hold back vomiting - this is defensive reaction the body, it tries to get rid of harmful or stale products that have entered it. After vomiting stops, when the patient's stomach has cleared, it usually persists. loose stool and severe weakness.
After any poisoning, a person does not feel like eating - this is also a defensive reaction of the body, which is trying to relieve itself of increased load and protect the digestive organs from extra work on food digestion. At this moment, it is important to listen not only to the doctor’s recommendations and follow all the actions prescribed by him, take the necessary drug treatment, but also strictly follow a diet.
Important! In case of any food poisoning, it is necessary to thoroughly cleanse the body of the remnants of the product that caused the disease. To do this, perform gastric lavage weak solution potassium permanganate or soda, and in severe cases call an ambulance to carry out manipulation and treatment of the patient in a hospital setting.
The cause of poisoning is pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora, which develops in food and drinks, and when it enters the human body, it poisons it with its waste products, which are called toxins.
The most dangerous food poisoning occurs when consuming stale “bombed” canned food (the disease is called botulism), poorly cooked, rotten or insufficiently salted fish, dairy and fermented milk products, sweets, especially cream ones and those with butter and protein fillings. Taking mushrooms of unknown origin or conditionally edible, but incorrectly prepared, can lead to very dangerous consequences for health, and sometimes even death. The fact is that in a number of situations and good mushrooms can become poisonous, as they are capable of accumulating toxic substances from the environment.
Poisoning can also be caused by low-quality or adulterated alcohol, but these conditions are isolated to separate group, since they mainly affect not the digestive system, but nervous system and very often become causes of disability (blindness) or death of a person.
Foods prohibited for food poisoning
After poisoning, especially acute poisoning, an adult or child will need time to recover normal functioning body. Since at this moment the patient is most often on bed rest, the need for high-calorie food is sharply reduced. That's why daily ration It is best to limit it to about 2000 kcal per day. The point is also that such a patient does not really want to eat, and a number of foods for him are generally strictly prohibited.
Important! No matter how badly you want to eat a forbidden product, you must remember that getting irritating food on the inflamed mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines will only lead to a deterioration in your health and prolong the duration of your illness, as well as excruciating pain and regular visits to the toilet. Diet is the basis of treatment for any food poisoning.
List of products prohibited for consumption in case of food poisoning:
- Bread and pastries, pastries of all types and sweets are prohibited.
- Heavy soups such as borscht, kharcho or rassolnik, fatty dense broths.
- Fatty meats, poultry and fish, as well as coarse meats with a lot of veins, are difficult to digest.
- Canned, smoked, fried and spicy foods, marinades and pickles.
- Semi-finished products and “restaurant” food, fast food, sandwiches and so on.
- All dairy products, including fermented milk: kefir, yogurt, sour cream, cheese and the like. They enhance fermentation and serve as a breeding ground for pathogens.
- Porridges that are difficult to digest are barley, egg, corn, and pasta.
- All types of spices, seasonings, sauces.
- Anything that contains fiber, including fruits and watermelon, fresh apples, all vegetables, including cucumbers.
- Strong black tea, coffee, cocoa, carbonated and sweet drinks, concentrated juice and other drinks.
- Alcohol in any form, including beer and cocktails.
Restrictions on the range of products are quite strict, especially at first, but this is necessary in order to give the body time to restore its normal functions and for the healing of injured mucous membranes.
Dietary nutrition after severe food poisoning
Severe stomach poisoning usually “discourages” the desire to eat anything for a long time, but after a few days the person begins to recover and the body requires nutrition to maintain vital functions. Since diet is one of the most important ways treatment of poisoning and rehabilitation, it is necessary to strictly and scrupulously follow the doctor’s recommendations. No matter how much you would like to, in the first time after an illness you should not smoke, eat prohibited foods, or exercise vigorously - a weakened body simply cannot withstand such stress.
To give gastrointestinal tract time for rehabilitation, it is necessary to relieve him as much as possible. That is why diet is especially important in the very first days after the onset of the disease, as well as a gradual exit from it and an increase in the number of foods consumed after the end of the diet. You should not suddenly fill up after a modest meal, especially if the menu was very limited.
- In the first three days after the onset of the disease, the volume of food eaten should not exceed 200 ml, and on the first day food should be avoided altogether.
- You need to eat little and often, up to 7 times a day. This is especially important if the patient’s indigestion has not stopped. With large volumes of food eaten, it will not be absorbed, but will quickly be eliminated from the body. Small portions are more likely to be overcooked.
- Drinking plenty of fluids helps actively remove toxins from the body, and also helps restore electrolyte balance and protect against dehydration. You can also drink only in small portions, warm drinks, since there is a large volume of liquid, high or low temperature will provoke vomiting and increased pain. It is allowed to drink pure boiled and mineral water without gas. In case of severe dehydration, take special powder mixtures to restore the electrolytic balance, such as “Regidron”.
- Cooked food should be prepared in such a way that the sick body spends as little energy as possible on digesting it. At first, all products can only be served in processed and chopped form, such as pureed soups, purees, steamed casseroles, etc.
- Food is consumed exclusively warm, since both hot and cold food equally irritate the inflamed mucous membranes of the digestive tract.
- The use of salt should be sharply reduced. This applies not only to the pure substance, but also to that contained in various products.
- Any alcohol is strictly prohibited.
The duration of the diet ranges from three days to a week. In the future, leaving the diet should be gradual and very careful so as not to cause an exacerbation of the condition.
Menu for the first day after poisoning
In acute intestinal poisoning the victim is usually sent to the hospital, where he undergoes various procedures to cleanse the stomach and lavage the intestines. In most cases, food intake is excluded on the first day, and the patient himself will not want to eat.
Second day diet
If the patient is in the hospital, he is given food prepared according to the requirements of treatment table No. 1a according to Pevzner. Meals are very limited, fractional, pureed, only light dishes without coarse fiber and seasonings.
They can give very weak chicken broth or a puree soup based on it, pureed porridge from buckwheat, rice or oatmeal, if the patient is not too weak, then pureed boiled meat or lean fish.
Nutrition in the future
For a discharged patient homemade food after food poisoning should remain light and dietary. After the onset of relief, the diet can be expanded a little and the menu includes boiled rice porridge, buckwheat, semolina with a small piece butter and a minimum of sugar, pureed low-fat, but not sour cottage cheese, omelet and bananas.
After the symptoms of dyspepsia disappear, you can add crackers and boiled eggs, carefully monitoring the patient's reaction to the introduction of solid foods.
Features of feeding a child after poisoning
How smaller child, the less time it can be kept on starvation diet. Fasting is not good for the baby’s body, so he can go without food for a very limited time. Only a doctor can say exactly how many hours later the child will be able to eat. This largely depends on the severity of the disease.
For quick and normal recovery The child needs to eat a varied and tasty diet. Explain to the baby that she is bland and ugly food is coming it is impossible for him to benefit, so parents will have to diversify their diet as much as possible and prepare dietary food so that it stimulates appetite. If the doctor has not prohibited it, the child can be given diluted non-acidic juices and other vitamin drinks, make a steam soufflé from low-fat cottage cheese, give pureed meat and fish, decorating them beautifully.
Important! Adults will have to try to make sure that even a strict diet is tasty and prevent the child from refusing food for too long.
At correct observance diet, damaged mucous membranes heal quickly enough, toxins are eliminated with the help of medications and plenty of fluids, and bed rest helps restore strength. A well-thought-out diet is easy and can be delicious while still being very beneficial for the body.